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http://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26257Registro completo de metadados
| Campo DC | Valor | Idioma |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Lã, Otavio Raymundo | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-28T15:49:55Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-28T15:49:55Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 1998-10-23 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | LÃ, Otavio Raymundo. Extração sequencial de metais pesados do solo. 1998. 159 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 1998. | pt_BR |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26257 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | O estudo de metais pesados adicionados ao solo é importante no sentido de se poder avaliar as formas mais biodisponíveis e residuais. Cada metal apresenta uma característica específica de ligação com os mais variados compostos dos solos. Estas ligações dependem, entre outras coisas, da quantidade e qualidade dos metais, da mineralogia e morfologia das argilas silicatadas e dos óxidos e hidróxidos de Fe, Al e Mn, bem como o tipo e teor de matéria orgânica presentes no solo. Com o objetivo de verificar o comportamento de três métodos de extração seqüencial de metais pesados, foram escolhidos três solos com características físico-químicas bem distintas: um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, um Brunizem Avermelhado e um Orgânico. Os solos foram incubados com doses crescentes de Cd e Pb. Os níveis de incorporação de Cd e Pb foram: nível 0 (sem adição de Cd e Pb), nível 1 (4 e 50 mg.Kg-1 de solo em Cd e Pb, respectivamente) e nível 2 (8 e 100 mg.Kg-1 de solo em Cd e Pb, respectivamente). Após um período de incubação de 19 meses, foram aplicados três métodos de extração seqüencial: Tessier, Miller e Keller & Vedy, procedendo-se a leitura dos extratos em aparelho de espectrofotometria de absorção atômica, por chama. Confirmando resultados encontrado na literatura, o Pb, em relação ao Cd, ligou-se mais fortemente aos compostos do solo, e no solo Brunizem, a maior ligação ocorreu, provavelmente, devido ao maior pH deste solo bem como o elevado teor de óxidos amorfos. Comparando os métodos de extração seqüencial, o de Keller & Vedy, foi o que se mostrou mais diferente em relação aos demais, com os metais se apresentando mais fortemente ligados ao solo. Houve uma maior diferença na distribuição das frações principais entre os métodos de Tessier e de Miller, e principalmente para o Pb. Observou-se uma grande diferença na eficiência na extração de metais pesados pelos diferentes reagentes e, principalmente para a fração dos metais ligados aos óxidos, e que, fatores tais como: menor relação solo/extrator e maior acidez dos reagentes empregados, quase sempre resultavam em maiores quantidades extraídas. A maior temperatura do reagente extrator resultou também em maior extração, só que com diminuição da especificidade do mesmo, associado a uma forte readsorção e redistribuição de metais para as fases seguintes. Todos os métodos falharam sistematicamente, ao extraírem o metal pesado da fração óxido, de um solo Orgânico em que não se detectou material inorgânico. Provavelmente, a extração ocorreu não pelos reagentes principais associados a esta fração, mas sim devido a maior acidez dos mesmos. Dos método utilizados, principalmente para os solos ácidos, o de Keller & Vedy, parece ser o menos indicado para mostrar a distribuição espacial dos metais nos diferentes compostos dos solos, seja pelo não uso de um reagente associado a fração do metal especificamente trocável e/ou ácido solúvel, seja pela pouca especificidade dos reagentes utilizados para as frações dos metais ligados aos óxidos de Mn e de Fe. O método de Tessier, mostrou-se pouco apropriado, tanto pelo uso do MgCl2, que parece ter uma especificidade maior por alguns metais, como pela readsorção e redistribuição de metais, acentuada pela elevada temperatura do extrator utilizado para a fração óxido. Enquanto que, para o método de Miller o principal problema foi o excessivo número de reagentes extratores, que diminuem assim, a especificidade dos reagentes posteriores. | pt_BR |
| dc.language | por | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Metais pesados | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Extração sequencial | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Biodisponibilidade | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Heavy metals | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Sequential extraction | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Bioavailability | pt_BR |
| dc.title | Extração sequencial de metais pesados do solo | pt_BR |
| dc.title.alternative | Sequential extraction of heavy metals from soil | en |
| dc.type | Dissertação | pt_BR |
| dc.description.abstractOther | The study of heavy metals added to a soil is important to evaluate its most bioavailable and residual forms. Each metal displays a specific bonding with different components of the soil. These bonds are qualitative and quantitatively dependent upon the metals, the mineralogy and morphology of the silicated clays. They also depend on the amount of Fe, Al and Mn oxides and hydroxides, as well as on type and contents of the organic material present in the soil. The scope of this work was to verify the behavior of tree different sequential extraction methods for heavy metals in tree soils of very distinct physicochemical characteristics, and incubated with increasing doses of Cd and Pb. The following soils were employed: Red Yellow Latossolo, Reddish Brunizem and Organic. For this study, Cd and Pb levels of incorporation were: level 0 (no addition of Cd and Pb); level 1 (4 and 50 mg.kg-1 contents of Cd and Pb, respectively, in the soil); and level 2 (8 and 100 mg.kg-1 contents of Cd and Pb, respectively, in the soil). After a period of 19 months of incubation, the following three sequential extraction methods were employed: Tessier, Miller and Keller & Verdy. The extracts were then analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). Our results are in accord with literature data and show that Pb is more strongly bonded than Cd to the components of the soil. In Brunizem the bonding increase is probably due to the higher pH for this soil as well as to the high amount of amorphous oxides. A comparison of the sequential extraction methods shows that the method of Keller & Verdy gives quite different results than the other two, with metals being much more bonded to the soil. A larger difference in the distribution of the main fractions between the methods of Tessier and Miller was observed, especially for the Pb case. It was also observed a quite large difference in the extraction efficiency of heavy metals by the different reagents, mainly for the fraction containing metals bonded to the oxides. In these cases, factors such as a lower soil/extractor relationship and a higher acidy of the reagents invariably resulted in an increase on the amount of extracted material. An increase in the extractor temperature also resulted in the increase of the extraction efficiency. However, in this case a decrease in the specificity of the extractor, associated to a strong metal readsorption and redistribution to the following phases, was observed. All methods systematically failed in extracting the heavy metal from the oxide fraction in an organic soil where inorganic materials were not detected. The extraction probably occurred due to the higher acidity of the main components associated to this fraction, and not to their presence. Among the employed methods, mainly for the acid soils, the one from Keller & Verdy seems to be less convenient to show the spatial distribution of metals in the different compounds of the soil. This can be due either to the absence of a specific reagent associated to a fraction of the metal specifically exchanged and/or to a soluble acid, or to the lower specificity of the reagents employed for the fractions of the metals bonded to Fe and Mn oxides. The method of Tessier is not appropriated by several reasons, such as the need of employing MgCl2, a reagent that shows a higher specificity for some metals, the readosrption and redistribution of all metals, and finally by the high temperature needed for the extractor when working with the oxide fraction. The large number of extracting reagents was the main problem for the method of Miller, since in this case a decrease in the specificity when further reagents are employed is often observed. | en |
| dc.contributor.advisor1 | Sobrinho, Nelson Moura Brasil do Amaral | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor1ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5053-7338 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8349031396398015 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1 | Sobrinho, Nelson Moura Brasil do Amaral | - |
| dc.contributor.referee1ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5053-7338 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8349031396398015 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2 | Velloso, Ary Carlos Xavier | - |
| dc.contributor.referee2Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9330580908530980 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3 | Mazur, Nelson | - |
| dc.contributor.referee3Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/6933810980587122 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8264422167175735 | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.country | Brasil | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Agronomia | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.initials | UFRRJ | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo | pt_BR |
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| dc.subject.cnpq | Agronomia | pt_BR |
| Aparece nas coleções: | Mestrado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo | |
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