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dc.contributor.authorLuz, Júlia Lins
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:36:17Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:36:17Z-
dc.date.issued2012-02-29
dc.identifier.citationLUZ, Júlia Lins. Influência de Plantações de Banana na assembleia de morcegos (Chiroptera) e na dieta e dispersão de sementes. 2012. 97 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia Animal) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2012.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9225-
dc.description.abstractA modificação da paisagem para a produção de alimentos e outras comodidades para consumo humano representa a mais severa e comum ameaça à biodiversidade global. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar como o plantio de bananas afeta a comunidade de morcegos, analisar se o plantio de bananas diminui a dispersão de sementes, verificar se a abundância de recurso alimentar influencia a abundância e a riqueza de morcegos em áreas de plantação de banana, verificar se os morcegos se deslocam entre áreas de plantações e fragmentos florestais e se mantêm fidelidade à área de captura. Foram selecionadas 12 áreas de plantação do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Mensalmente, entre novembro de 2008 e outubro de 2010, foram realizadas duas noites de coleta, sendo uma em área de plantação de banana e outra em um fragmento florestal adjacente. As coletas foram realizadas com redes de neblina, totalizando 142.560 m2.h de esforço amostral. Os morcegos foram identificados, permaneceram em sacos de pano para obtenção de amostras fecais, e soltos após receberem marcação. No laboratório, as sementes foram classificadas em morfotipos e contadas. A disponibilidade de recurso alimentar nas áreas de plantação de banana foi estimada através de cinco plots de 100 m2 , nos quais era contabilizado o número de bananeiras, infrutescências e inflorescências de banana. Um total de 2.369 capturas e recapturas de 27 espécies foi registrado. Nos bananais, foram capturadas 22 espécies, sendo quatro exclusivas; nos fragmentos, 23, sendo cinco exclusivas. A frequência de captura nos bananais foi maior do que nos fragmentos. A riqueza, a diversidade e a equitabilidade mostraram-se similares. As espécies significativamente mais abundantes nos bananais foram Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Glossophaga soricina e Phyllostomus hastatus. A abundância de frugívoros, nectarívoros e onívoros foi maior em áreas de plantio, enquanto a de insetívoros foi maior em áreas de floresta. A riqueza estimada para cada ambiente sugere que os fragmentos florestais são mais ricos do que as áreas de plantio. Uma análise de escalonamento multidimensional (NMDS) indicou separação entre os bananais e os fragmentos florestais baseado no número de capturas por espécie, através da distância Bray-curtis. Foram analisadas 1.127 amostras fecais de 20 espécies, que apresentaram sementes de 33 morfotipos de 12 famílias de plantas. Foi possível verificar a presença de polpa de banana em amostras fecais de 10 espécies. A riqueza e abundância de sementes dispersadas nos dois ambientes não diferiram. No entanto, a abundância de sementes por amostra fecal foi menor em áreas de plantação de banana. A abundância de Sturnira lilium foi inversamente proporcional à abundância de bananeiras e infrutescências de banana. A abundância de G. soricina, A. lituratus, morcegos nectarívoros e frugívoros foi diretamente proporcional à abundância de recurso alimentar. Foram obtidas 102 recapturas de 99 morcegos de 10 espécies. As espécies mais recapturadas foram C. perspicillata, A. lituratus e P. hastatus. Vinte e oito indivíduos transitaram entre os ambientes, 68 permaneceram no mesmo ambiente da captura e três foram recapturados duas vezes, uma em cada ambiente. Em todos os casos analisados, a proporção de indivíduos recapturados no mesmo local da captura foi maior do que a proporção de indivíduos recapturados em ambientes diferentes. Em áreas de plantação de banana, a ordem Chiroptera foi capaz de manter uma comunidade diversa, a capacidade de dispersão de espécies pioneiras de plantas e a capacidade de deslocamento. Esses resultados reforçam o potencial dos morcegos como regeneradores de habitats modificados pelo homem.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicopor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectdiversityeng
dc.subjectfrugivorouseng
dc.subjectinsectivorouseng
dc.subjectagricultural matrixeng
dc.subjectnectarivorouseng
dc.subjectdiversidade, , , , ,por
dc.subjectfrugívorospor
dc.subjectinsetívorospor
dc.subjectmatriz agrícolapor
dc.subjectMusapor
dc.subjectnectarívorospor
dc.titleInfluência de plantações de banana na assembleia de morcegos (Chiroptera) e na dieta e dispersão de sementespor
dc.title.alternativeInfluence of banana plantations in bats (Chiroptera) assemblage, diet and seed dispersal.eng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherModification of the landscape for food production and other facilities for human consumption is the most common and severe threat to global biodiversity. The aims of this study were to analyze how banana plantations affect bats assemblages, to check whether the planting of bananas causes a decrease in the dispersion of seeds, to verify if the abundance of nutritional resources have some influence on bat abundance and richness in areas of banana plantation, to verify if bats move between plantations and forest fragments or if they show site fidelity to the areas. A total of 12 banana plantations in Rio de Janeiro State were sampled. Each month, from November 2008 to October 2010, two capture nights were conducted, being one night in a banana plantation area and another in an adjacent forest fragment. Bats were sampled with mist nets, totaling 142,560 m2.h of sampling effort. Bats were identified, marked, remained in cloth bags to obtain fecal samples, and released after it. The seeds obtained in fecal samples were counted and classified. The availability of food resources in banana plantation areas was estimated in five 100 m2 plots, where the number of banana trees, flowers and fruits was counted. A total of 2,369 captures and recaptures of bats of 27 species were recorded. In banana plantations 22 species were recorded (four of which were exclusive to such habitat), and in fragments 23 (with five exclusive). The capture frequency was higher in plantations than in fragments. Richness, diversity and evenness were similar between habitats. Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Glossophaga soricina and Phyllostomus hastatus were more abundant in the banana plantations. The abundance of frugivores, nectarivores and omnivores was higher in plantation areas while insectivores were more abundant in forest areas. The estimated richness for each environment suggests that forest fragments are richer than the banana plantations. A non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated separation between banana plantations and forest fragments based on species abundance, using Braycurtis similarity. We analyzed 1,127 fecal samples from 20 species that had 33 morphotypes of seeds of 12 plant families. There was presence of banana pulp in fecal samples from 10 species. The richness and abundance of seeds dispersed in the two environments did not differ, however the abundance of seeds per fecal sample was lower in banana plantations. The abundance of Sturnira lilium was correlated negatively with the abundance of banana and fruits. The abundance of G. soricina, A. lituratus, nectarivorous and frugivorous bats showed positive relationship with the abundance of food resource. We obtained 102 recaptures of 99 individuals of 10 species. The most recaptured species were C. perspicillata, A. lituratus and P. hastatus. Twenty-eight individuals moved between environments, 68 remained in the same environment of the capture. In all analyzed cases, the proportion of individuals recaptured in the same location of capture was higher than the recapture proportion in different environments. These results reinforce the potential of bats as regenerators in habitats modified by humans, since banana plantations maintain a diverse assemblage. The ability of bats to disperse pioneer plants species and the use of different environments assure that nature services of forest regeneration are continuedeng
dc.contributor.advisor1Esbérard, Carlos Eduardo Lustosa
dc.contributor.advisor1IDCPF: 860.213.977-20por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7813242083249913por
dc.contributor.referee1Zortéa, Marlon
dc.contributor.referee2Bernard, Enrico
dc.contributor.referee3Pires, Alexandra
dc.contributor.referee4Rocha, Flávia Souza
dc.contributor.referee5Geise, Lena
dc.creator.ID8508710771por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0092121295998009por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúdepor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animalpor
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