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dc.contributor.authorRossiello, Roberto Oscar Pereyra
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-22T01:39:13Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-22T01:39:13Z-
dc.date.issued1978-07-10
dc.identifier.citationROSSIELLO, Roberto Oscar Pereyra. Indicadores de deficiência hídrica em três variedades de milho (Zea Marys L). 1978. 201 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia, Ciência do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia , Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 1978.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/10519-
dc.description.abstractTrês variedades de milho (Zea mays L.), Piranão, Centralmex e IPEACS III, foram submetidas a stress hídrico em duas fases do crescimento vegetativo. As diferenças na taxa e percentagem final de germina- ção, alongamento da raiz e do coleóptilo foram avaliadas nas três variedades, quando submetidos a um stress osmótico de -15 atmosferas, usando-se manitol como osmoticum. Centralmex mostrou a maior percentagem de germinação final nestas candi- ções e IPEACS III, a menor; Piranão apresentou um comportamento intermediário. Diferenças entre as variedades nos respectivos percentuais de alongamento da raiz e coleóptilo foram notadas ao serem comparadas com seus controles mantidos em água deionizada. Quando as variedades foram comparadas em um estágio mais avançado de crescimento (6-8 folhas), e o stress hídrico induzido por dessecação progressiva do solo, em casa de vegetação, a variedade IPEACS III mostrou-se severamente afetada,Piranão, relativamente, a menos afetada, apresentando Centralmex um comportamento intermediário. Neste último estágio de crescimento, fez- se uma comparação da sensibilidade de distintos indicadores metabólicos à deficiência hídrica. Com relação ao metabolismo de N, foram avaliados os teores foliares de N-nítrico, N-amoniacal, N-amino livre, prolina e N-proteico. No que diz respeito ao metabolismo de carbohidratos, avaliou-se o teor foliar de carbohidratos solúveis. Foram observados incrementos nos teores de N-amoniacal, N-ní- trico, N-amino livre, prolina e carbohidratos solúveis. Concomitantemente, observou-se decréscimos para o teor de N-proteico e a atividade de nitrato-reductase. Este padrão geral de variação, em resposta a stress hídrico, se expressou em forma diferencial (estatisticamente significativa) entre variedades, indicando que, o ambiente proporcionado pela casa de vegetação foi apropriado para a separação dos efeitos decorrentes do stress hídrico daqueles devidos às características varietais. Os teores de N-amino livre e carbohidrato solúvel mostraram uma maior sensibilidade a deficits hídricos moderados. Em adição aos indicadores metabólicos, realizou-se a análise de crescimento, que mostrou ser um procedimento apropriado para descrever as variações em taxas de acumulação de matéria seca e expansão de área foliar entre as variedades. Os dados sugeriram que, as diferenças observadas em resistência ao stress hídrico entre as variedades podem ser decorrentes de três tipos de efeitos: tolerância à desidrata ção (diferenças em C.H.R.), tolerância a perda de proteínas (diferenças nos teores de N-proteico e na relação N-solúvel/ N-proteico) e incrementos na relação raiz/parte aérea. A evolução do teor foliar de prolina foi particularmente observada nos três cultivares, visando-se ligar o seu teor à explicação das diferenças em sensibilidade (ou resistência) ao stress hídrico. Os resultados atualmente obtidos, mostraram que, pelo menos em milho, é necessário um estudo mais detido dos fatores que governam a acumulação deste metabólito, antes de aplicar-se indiscriminadamente este parâmetro como indicador de resistência à seca. Finalmente, foi destacada a necessidade de experimentação direta no campo, visando a determinação do grau de sensibilidade dos distintos indicadores e a quantificação das diferenças com respeito ao comportamento das variedades em casa de vegetação.por
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectMilhopor
dc.subjectDeficiência hídricapor
dc.titleIndicadores de deficiência hídrica em três variedades de milho (Zea Marys L)por
dc.title.alternativeIndicators of water deficiency in three maize varieties (Zea Marys L)eng
dc.typeDissertaçãopor
dc.description.abstractOtherA study was made of the effect of water stress on three corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars: Piranao, Centralmex and IPEACS III. Under the effect of a - 15 atm stress (using mannitol as osmoticum), Centralmex showed the highest percent germination while IPEACS III showed the lowest. The germination of Piranão seeds fell in between. There also differences in root and coleoptile growths of the three varieties as compared to that of the controls (germinated in demineralized water). At a more advanced stage of grouth (6-8 leaves, plants in pots kept in a greenhouse), the soil-water stress affected the plants differently. IPEACS III continued to be severely affected but Piranão was now the least affected, with Centralmex falling in between. The effects of water stress upon the plant metabolic patterns resulted in a increase in the leaf content of nitrate-N, free amino-N, ammonia-N, free proline and soluble sugars.181 There was on the other hand a reduction in nitrate reductase activity and protein content. Although the same general metabolic pattern was observed for the three varieties, significant differences could be detected among the varieties. These results indicated that the greenhouse environment was adequate for the study of plant responses to water stress, even enabling the distinction between varietal differences. The content of free amino-N and soluble sugars in the plant leaves showed a higher sensitivity to moderate water stress than the other indicators. A special attention was given to the study of the increase in free proline levels in the leaves. The ellucidation of the factors governing the relative accumulation of this metabolite in corn leaves requires more detailed studies. Only then could proline content be considered a safe indicator of water stress resistance for corn plants. The plants under water stress were also submitted to growth analysis. This test was very efficient for the study of dry weight and leaf expansion variation among varieties. The results of this study shows that three main factors are responsible for the plant resistance to water stress, namely: a. Tolerance to dehydration (differences in R.W.C.) b. resistance to loss in protein (differences in protein-N levels and free-N/protein-N ratios)182 c. increasc in root/shoot ratios. The present study shows the necessity of experiments with field grown plants, to check the sensitivity of the various factors studied and to compare the behavior of different corn varieties in the field with that in greenhouse.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Fernandes, Manlio Silvestre
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6269004387821466por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0160231679600890por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solopor
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