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dc.contributor.authorMeirelles, Laura Nóbrega
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-22T01:58:48Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-22T01:58:48Z-
dc.date.issued2021-08-26
dc.identifier.citationMEIRELLES, Laura Nobrega. Encapsulamento de conídios de Metarhizium anisopliae: avaliação da estabilidade e potencial no controle de Rhipicephalus microplus. 2021. 57 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2021.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/11920-
dc.description.abstractDevido aos problemas gerados pelo uso indiscriminado de acaricidas químicos para o controle de carrapatos, métodos alternativos vem sendo desenvolvidos, como o uso de fungos entomopatogênicos. No entanto, estes entomopatógenos têm sua viabilidade comprometida quando aplicados em condições naturais, sendo indispensável o desenvolvimento de formulações. Neste contexto, as tecnologias de microencapsulamento de agentes de biocontrole são promissoras, pois além de propiciar proteção contra fatores ambientais, aumentam a vida útil do microrganismo encapsulado. A gelificação iônica é uma técnica simples e financeiramente viável que vem sendo estudada para o encapsulamento de fungos entomopatogênicos.Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi encapsular os conídios de Metarhizium anisopliae (LCM S01) em alginato de sódio a 2 e 3%, utilizando a técnica de gelificação iônica e avaliar as micropartículas quanto a morfologia externa, concentração, viabilidade, tempo de prateleira, tolerância à irradiação UV-B, termotolerância e eficácia no controle de fêmeas ingurgitadas de Rhipicephalus microplus. A morfologia externa das partículas foi caracterizada através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura e a viabilidade dos conídios encapsulados (EC) foi determinada pelo percentual de germinação. Para o tempo de prateleira, os conídios encapsulados em 2 (EC 2%) ou 3% (EC 3%) de alginato de sódio e os não encapsulados (NEC), foram armazenados por 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 e 11 meses em condição ambiente e em freezer. Quanto à tolerância à UV-B, os conídios EC e NEC foram expostos a dose total de 6.0 ou 8.0 kJ m-2, enquanto que para termotolerância foram submetidos a 42 ºC em banho maria por 2, 4 e 6 horas. Ainda, foram avaliados os parâmetros biológicos de fêmeas ingurgitadas expostas a 30, 60 ou 90 mg de micropartículas em condições laboratoriais. As partículas fúngicas de alginato de sódio a 2 e 3% apresentaram-se esféricas com superfície mais homogênea e heterogênea, respectivamente. O encapsulamento reduziu, cerca de 5× a concentração inicial de conídios e não afetou sua viabilidade. O encapsulamento aumentou a vida útil dos conídios armazenados em ambiente por 1, 3 e 5 meses em relação aos conídios NEC. Em freezer, os conídios NEC germinaram mais do que os EC. Os conídios EC e NEC apresentaram maior viabilidade em freezer do que em ambiente. A exposição ao calor por 6 horas reduziu a germinação de conídios NEC comparados com os EC 2 e 3%. A exposição às diferentes doses de UV-B também reduziu significativamente a germinação dos conídios NEC em relação aos EC. As partículas foram capazes de reduzir significativamente os parâmetros biológicos das fêmeas ingurgitadas quando comparado aos conídios NEC e ao grupo controle, no entanto não houve diferença significativa entre as diferentes quantidades de partículas avaliadas. De forma geral, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as concentrações de alginato de sódio utilizadas. Assim, as formulações desenvolvidas no presente estudo aumentaram o tempo de prateleira, a termotolerâcia e a tolerância à UV-B dos conídios de LCM S01 de M. anisopliae, e foram eficazes no controle de fêmeas ingurgitadas de R. microplus, apresentando potencial promissor no controle deste carrapato.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectfungos entomopatogênicospor
dc.subjectalginato de sódiopor
dc.subjectgelificação iônicapor
dc.subjectentomopathogenic funguseng
dc.subjectionic gelationeng
dc.subjectsodium alginateeng
dc.titleEncapsulamento de conídios de Metarhizium anisopliae: avaliação da estabilidade e potencial no controle de Rhipicephalus micropluspor
dc.title.alternativeMetarhizium anisopliae conidial encapsulation: evaluation of stability and control potential of Rhipicephalus micropluseng
dc.typeDissertaçãopor
dc.description.abstractOtherDue to the problems generated by the indiscriminate use of chemical acaricides to control ticks, alternative methods have been developed, such as the use of entomopathogenic fungi. However, these entomopathogens have their viability compromised when applied under natural conditions, being indispensable the development of formulations. In this context, microencapsulation technologies for biocontrol agents are promising; since it provides protection against environmental factors as well as increased the encapsulated microorganism shelf life. Ionic gelation is a simple and financially viable technique when employed for the entomopathogenic fungi encapsulation. Thus, the aim of the present study was encapsulate the Metarhizium anisopliae conidia (LCM S01) in 2 and 3% sodium alginate, using the ionic gelation technique and, evaluate the external morphology, concentration, viability, shelf life, tolerance of UV-B irradiation, thermotolerance and efficacy of these microparticles in the control of Rhipicephalus microplus engorged females. The external morphology was characterized by ScanningElectron Microscopy (SEM) and the encapsulated conidia (EC) viability was determined by the germination percentage. For shelf life, conidia encapsulated in 2 (EC 2%) or 3% (EC 3%) of sodium alginate and unencapsulated (NEC) were stored for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 months at room temperature and in a freezer. For UV-B tolerance assay, EC and NEC were exposed to 6.0 or 8.0 kJ m-2, while for thermotolerance, they were submitted to 42 ºC in a water bath for 2, 4 and 6 hours. Furthermore, the biological parameters of engorged females exposed to 30, 60 or 90 mg of microparticles under laboratory conditions wereevaluated. 2 and 3% sodium alginate fungal particles were spherical with a more homogeneous and heterogeneous surface, respectively. Encapsulation did not cause severe conidia losses and did not affect their viability. Encapsulation increased the conidia shelf life stored at room temperature for 1, 3 and 5 months compared to NEC. In the freezer, NEC germinated more than EC. The EC and NEC showed greater viability in the freezer when compared to room temperature. Heat exposure for 6 hours reduced the NEC germination compared to EC 2 and 3%. Different UV-B doses exposure also significantly reduced the NEC germination compared to EC. The particles were able to reduce significantly the engorged females’ biological parameters when compared to NEC and the control group, however, there was no significant difference between the particles evaluated. In general, no significant differences were observed between the sodium alginate concentrations used. Thus, the formulations developed in the present study increased M. anisopliae (LCM S01) shelf life, thermotolerance and UV-B tolerance, and were effective in R. microplus engorged females control, showing promising potential to control this tick.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Bittencourt, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro
dc.contributor.advisor1ID505.198.676-53por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3888832724995864por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Camargo, Mariana Guedes
dc.contributor.referee1Bittencourt, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro
dc.contributor.referee2Golo, Patrícia Silva
dc.contributor.referee3Monteiro, Caio Márcio de Oliveira
dc.creator.ID136.658.017-61por
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2214-5038por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5857179536630724por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspor
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