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| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Fonseca, Milaine Silvano da | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-02-28T15:44:47Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-02-28T15:44:47Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-03-16 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | FONSECA, Milaine Silvano. Importância das escalas espaciais sobre a estrutura e beta diversidade das assembleias de peixes recifais da Baía da Ilha Grande, RJ. 2022. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia Animal) - Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2022. | pt_BR |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/15975 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | O entendimento da influência das escalas espaciais sobre a biodiversidade é fundamental para determinar quais medidas de conservação devem ser implementadas nos locais de uma região. Os peixes recifais são um componente fundamental para o funcionamento de ecossistemas recifais e têm sido ameaçados por impactos que ocorrem em escalas locais e regionais. Detectar quais escalas espaciais estão associadas a maior variação na composição das assembleias é crucial para identificar os processos no habitat que promovem esse padrão e propor medidas efetivas de conservação. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) quantificar a variação espacial das assembleias de peixes recifais em escalas de dezenas de metros a dezenas de quilômetros, e (2) determinar se existem padrões de beta diversidade nessas escalas espaciais. Foram testadas as hipóteses de que (1) existe uma associação positiva entre a heterogeneidade do habitat e a beta diversidade, e (2) que a menor escala espacial comporta maior heterogeneidade e beta diversidade. Estes componentes da diversidade da assembleia de peixes (diversidade beta) e do habitat (heterogeneidade do habitat) foram avaliados em uma escala espacial local (entre transectos de locais) e uma maior escala espacial (entre locais de regiões). Cinco regiões foram estabelecidas na baía da Ilha Grande, com 2 abrangendo locais mais profundos e mais distantes da costa (Ilha Grande e Canal Central), e 3 com locais mais rasos, próximos da costa e sob influência estuarina (baía da Ribeira, Mambucaba e Paraty). Em cada local, 4-6 transectos foram amostrados, totalizando 289 transectos. A diferença na estrutura das assembleias de peixes entre as escalas espaciais foi testada usando a análise de variância multivariada permutacional (PERMANOVA) baseada no índice de Bray-Curtis. A variação na composição de espécies através das escalas espaciais (beta diversidade) foi testada com análise da Homogeneidade das Dispersões Multivariadas (PERMDISP) baseada no índice de Jaccard, enquanto os componentes aninhamento e rotatividade foram obtidos pelo pacote BetaPart. A maior variabilidade na estrutura da assembleia de peixes ocorreu entre os locais dentro de cada região (Pseudo-F = 3,9, p=0,0001, ECV = 26%). A distância da costa e a cobertura bentônica foram os melhores preditores da estrutura da assembleia. Uma assembleia de peixes predadores de invertebrados móveis e carnívoros caracterizou as amostras da baía da Ribeira e Paraty, enquanto uma assembleia mais rica com peixes de múltiplos grupos tróficos representou as amostras do Canal Central, Ilha Grande. A beta diversidade variou dentro dos locais (F=4,241, P=0,0001) e regiões (F=4,7173, p=0,0163). Entretanto, a escala local apresentou a maior dissimilaridade de Jaccard, com o componente de rotatividade (turnover) como principal contribuinte, enquanto nas regiões a dissimilaridade de Jaccard diminuiu e a contribuição da rotatividade e do aninhamento foi mais uniforme. A beta diversidade foi positivamente correlacionada a heterogeneidade do habitat (p<0,01), com os locais da Ilha Grande mais heterogêneos em comparação aos locais da baía da Ribeira e Paraty. A variação da assembleia de peixes na escala dos locais foi associada a heterogeneidade do habitat, enquanto os impactos associados a influência de rios e proximidade da costa atuam diferenciando as assembleias na escala das regiões. As medidas de conservação devem considerar a heterogeneidade dos habitats e histórico de uso na escala dos locais, e ações que minimizem os efeitos de impactos mais abrangentes e difusos na escala das regiões. | pt_BR |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES | pt_BR |
| dc.language | por | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | ictiofauna | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | diversidade beta | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | estrutura do habitat | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | ichthyofauna | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | beta diversity | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | habitat structure | pt_BR |
| dc.title | Importância das escalas espaciais sobre a estrutura e beta diversidade das assembleias de peixes recifais da Baía da Ilha Grande, RJ | pt_BR |
| dc.title.alternative | Importance of spatial scales on the structure and beta diversity of reef fish assemblages in Ilha Grande Bay, RJ. | en |
| dc.type | Dissertação | pt_BR |
| dc.description.abstractOther | Understanding the influence of spatial scales on biodiversity is essential to determine which conservation measures should be implemented at the sites in a region. Reef fish are a fundamental component for the functioning of reef ecosystems and have been threatened by impacts that occur at local and regional scales. Detecting which spatial scales are associated with greater variation in assemblage composition is crucial to identify the processes in the habitat that promote this pattern and propose effective conservation measures. The objectives of this study were: (1) to quantify the spatial variation of reef fish assemblages at scales from tens of meters to tens of kilometers, and (2) to determine whether there are patterns of beta diversity at these spatial scales. The tested hypotheses were that (1) there is a positive association between habitat heterogeneity and beta diversity, and (2) that smaller spatial scale leads to greater heterogeneity and beta diversity. These components of fish assemblage diversity (beta diversity) and habitat (habitat heterogeneity) were evaluated at a local spatial scale (between transects of sites) and a larger spatial scale (between sites of regions). Five regions were established in Ilha Grande Bay, with 2 covering deeper locations and increased distances from the coast (Ilha Grande and Canal Central), and 3 with shallower locations, close to the coast and under estuarine influence (Ribeira Bay, Mambucaba and Paraty). At each site, 4-6 transects were sampled, totaling 289 transects. The difference in fish assemblage structure across spatial scales was tested using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) based on the Bray-Curtis index. The variation in species composition across spatial scales (beta diversity) was tested with analysis of the Homogeneity of Multivariate Dispersions (PERMDISP) based on the Jaccard index, while the components of nestedness and turnover were obtained by the BetaPart package. The greatest variability in fish assemblage structure occurred between sites within each region (Pseudo-F = 3.9, p=0.0001, ECV = 26%). Distance from the coast and benthic cover were the best predictors of assemblage structure. An assemblage of predatory fishes of mobile and carnivorous invertebrates characterized the samples from the Ribeira and Paraty bays, while a richer assemblage with fish from multiple trophic groups represented the samples from the Central Channel, Ilha Grande. Beta diversity varied within sites (F=4.241, P=0.0001) and regions (F=4.7173, p=0.0163). However, the local scale presented the highest Jaccard dissimilarity, with the turnover component as the main contributor, while in the regions the Jaccard dissimilarity decreased, and the contribution of turnover and nestedness were more uniform. Beta diversity was positively correlated with habitat heterogeneity (p<0.01), with the Ilha Grande sites being more heterogeneous compared to the Ribeira and Paraty bay sites. The variation of the fish assemblage at the scale of the sites was associated with the heterogeneity of the habitat, while the impacts associated with the influence of rivers and proximity to the coast were associated to assemblages’ differences at the scale of the regions. Conservation measures should consider the heterogeneity of habitats and the usage history at the scale of sites, and actions that minimize the effects of broader and more diffuse impacts at the scale of regions. | en |
| dc.contributor.advisor1 | Neves, Leonardo Mitrano | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor1ID | 094.318.907-12 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490750242360258 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1 | Neves, Leonardo Mitrano | - |
| dc.contributor.referee1ID | 094.318.907-12 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490750242360258 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2 | Skinner, Luis Felipe | - |
| dc.contributor.referee2ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0971-4870 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/9748284881593806 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3 | Tubino, Rafael de Almeida | - |
| dc.contributor.referee3Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/3833439576748268 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.ID | 150.315.257-03 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/4168117684708694 | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.country | Brasil | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Da Saúde | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.initials | UFRRJ | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal | pt_BR |
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| dc.subject.cnpq | Biologia Geral | pt_BR |
| Appears in Collections: | Mestrado em Biologia Animal | |
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Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 - Milaine Silvano da Fonseca.pdf | 1.41 MB | Adobe PDF |  View/Open |
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