Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/18269
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dc.contributor.authorAlves, Andreoli Correia-
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-27T13:47:02Z-
dc.date.available2024-09-27T13:47:02Z-
dc.date.issued2021-07-02-
dc.identifier.citationALVES, Andreoli Correia. Biotecnologias Aplicadas a Reprodução de Peixes: Produção de Ginogenético Mitótico e Poliploide em Astyanax altiparanae. 2021. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Animal) - Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2021.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/18269-
dc.description.abstractBiotecnologias aplicadas à reprodução são importantes ferramentas para o incremento de sistemas produtivos e estudos de conservação e manutenção de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Os pacotes tecnológicos são constituídos por diversas técnicas, e entre elas, destaca- se a ginogênese, processo de reprodução uniparental de herança genética exclusivamente materna. Através da ginogênese, é possível obter lotes monossexuais de 100% fêmeas em espécies com sistema de determinação sexual XY, linhagens clonais e aplicação em estudos que elucidam os mecanismos de determinação sexual em peixes. Diante disso, o presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de estabelecer um protocolo de ginogênese mitótica em Astyanax altiparanae. Para isso, foram estabelecidos quatro tratamentos: Oócitos fertilizados com sêmen normal (controle diploide), oócitos fertilizados com sêmen irradiado em câmara UV para inativação do material genético paterno sem aplicação de choque térmico (ginogenético haploide), oócitos fertilizados com sêmen irradiado e com aplicação de choque 24 minutos pós fertilização (mpf) (ginogenético diploide) e oócitos fertilizados com sêmen normal com aplicação de choque térmico aos 24 mpf (tetraploide). As taxas de fertilização e sobrevivência foram verificadas nos principais estágios do desenvolvimento embrionário (clivagem, blástula, gástrula, segmentação e eclosão), assim como a porcentagem de larvas normais e anormais. As larvas recém eclodidas de cada tratamento por repetição tiveram a ploidia confirmada por citometria de fluxo e cariótipo. A irradiação e o choque térmico reduziram significativamente a sobrevivência dos embriões do tratamento presumidamente ginogenético no estágio de eclosão (26,50 ±2,50%), taxa de larvas normais (36,62 ± 3,42%), aumento na taxa de larvas anormais (63,38 ± 3,42%) e 98,64% do total eclodido se confirmaram larvas ginogenéticas. No entanto, as análises conduzidas até o presente momento não foram conclusivas para atestar o nível de homozigose desses indivíduos. No tratamento para indução a tetraploidia, foi observada uma taxa de eclosão de 17,8 ± 4,11% com 50,08 ± 4,27% de larvas normais e 49,92 ± 2,52% de larvas anormais, sendo 37,25% do total de larvas eclodidas tetraploides.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectAquiculturapt_BR
dc.subjectmanipulação cromossômicapt_BR
dc.subjectherança maternapt_BR
dc.subjectAquaculturept_BR
dc.subjectchromosome manipulationpt_BR
dc.subjectmaternal inheritancept_BR
dc.titleBiotecnologias Aplicadas a Reprodução de Peixes: Produção de Ginogenético Mitótico e Poliploides em Astyanax altiparanaept_BR
dc.title.alternativeBiotechnologies Applied to Fish Reproduction: Production of Mitotic Gynogenetics and Polyploid in Astyanax Altiparanae.en
dc.typeDissertaçãopt_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherBiotechnologies applied to reproduction are important tools to increase aquacultural production and support studies of conservation and maintenance of threatened species. Ginogenesis, is a uniparental reproductive process of exclusively maternal genetic inheritance, that may be induced in order to provide monosex population with increased performance, clonal lineages and may be used to elucidate the mechanisms of sex determination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish mitotic gynogenesis in Astyanax altiparanae, an important aquaculture and laboratory species. Four egg batches were used, each of them were divided into four treatments as follows: oocytes fertilized with normal semen (diploid control), oocytes fertilized with UV-inactivated semen without the application of thermal shock (haploid gynogenetic), oocytes fertilized with UV-inactivated semen succeeded by heat-shock (40°C, 24 minutes after fertilization -mpf) (diploid gynogenetic) and oocytes fertilized with normal semen with shock application 24 mpf (tetraploid). Fertilization and survival rates were checked in the main stages of early development (cleavage, blastula, gastrula, somite stage and hatching), as well as the percentage of normal and abnormal larvae. The newly hatched larvae (maximum of 20 samples repetition) from all treatments had ploidy status confirmed by flow cytometry and chromosome preparations. The results show that irradiation and thermal shock significantly reduced survival in the hatching stage (26.50 ± 2.50%), normal larvae rate (36.62 ± 3.42%) and provided increased rate of abnormal larvae (63.38 ± 3.42%), increase in the rate of abnormal larvae (63.38 ± 3.42%) and 98.64% of the total hatch were confirmed as gynogenetic larvae. However, the analyzes carried out to date have not been conclusive in confirming the level of homozygosity of these individuals. In the tetraploidy induction treatment, a hatching rate of 17.8 ± 4.11% was observed with 50.08 ± 4.27% of normal larvae and 49.92 ± 2.52% of abnormal larvae, of which 37. 25% of the total larvae hatched tetraploid.pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Santos, Matheus Pereira dos-
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2074206740485759pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Yasui, George Shigueki-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9501210162294651pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Nascimento, Nivaldo Ferreira do-
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9158983117944896pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Santos, Matheus Pereira dos-
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2074206740485759pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Barbero, Marina Mortati Dias-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7033-5995pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4747928461844433pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Tabata, Yara Aiko-
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9204410130474737pt_BR
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5486-1007pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5331834597098513pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Zootecniapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animalpt_BR
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dc.subject.cnpqZootecniapt_BR
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