Por favor, use este identificador para citar o enlazar este ítem:
http://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/24525Registro completo de metadatos
| Campo DC | Valor | Lengua/Idioma |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Silva, Hellen Fernanda Oliveira da | - |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-02-20T16:27:59Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2026-02-20T16:27:59Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-06-27 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | SILVA, Hellen Fernanda Oliveira da. Resíduos orgânicos como base para fertilizantes organominerais fosfatados em solos tropicais: desenvolvimento e avaliação agronômica. 2025. 145 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo). Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2025. | pt_BR |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/24525 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | A intensificação da geração de resíduos orgânicos e a busca por práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis têm impulsionado o desenvolvimento de fertilizantes organominerais, capazes de aumentar a eficiência no uso de nutrientes, especialmente fósforo, em solos tropicais. A presente tese teve como objetivo desenvolver, caracterizar e avaliar agronomicamente fertilizantes organominerais fosfatados obtidos de resíduos orgânicos, com foco na interação entre suas frações constituintes, na dinâmica de nutrientes no solo e no desempenho do rabanete. No Capítulo I, a caracterização físico-química e espectroscópica mostrou diferenças relevantes entre os insumos orgânicos. O vermicomposto apresentou maior proporção de carbonos alifáticos e oxigenados, com rápida decomposição e alta biodisponibilidade. Já o biochar revelou estruturas aromáticas condensadas, estáveis e de lenta decomposição. A combinação dos dois materiais proporcionou flexibilidade na formulação, equilibrando liberação e retenção de nutrientes. No entanto, doses elevadas de biochar podem reduzir a disponibilidade imediata. Em relação à morfologia, fertilizantes com 15% de P2O5 foram mais porosos, favorecendo retenção de água e atividade microbiana, mas com menor concentração de fósforo total. Já formulações com 40–45% de P2O5 apresentaram maior densidade e liberação mais lenta, com risco de menor eficiência inicial. A adição de molibdênio e a boa homogeneização dos nutrientes foram pontos positivos, embora persistisse o desafio de equilibrar resistência mecânica e reatividade. O Capítulo II abordou a dinâmica de liberação e lixiviação em colunas de solo arenoso. Observou-se aumento do pH para 6,0–7,0, o que é benéfico em solos ácidos, mas pode reduzir a disponibilidade de alguns micronutrientes. A lixiviação de N e K foi semelhante ao fertilizante mineral, porém a de P foi maior em formulações ricas em P2O5, destacando o risco de contaminação ambiental em solos de baixa capacidade de retenção. Isso evidencia a necessidade de balancear eficiência agronômica com segurança ambiental. No Capítulo III, três formulações foram testadas no cultivo de rabanete. O tratamento NT3K (15% de P2O5 + calagem) destacou-se, aumentando em até 98,64% o peso fresco dos tubérculos e melhorando a qualidade comercial. Formulações com 40–45% também superaram o fertilizante mineral, mas com ganhos menores. A calagem potencializou a absorção de fósforo e a produtividade, embora tenha ocorrido maior incidência de rachaduras em alguns tratamentos, possivelmente pelo crescimento acelerado. Em síntese, os fertilizantes organominerais à base de vermicomposto e biochar mostraram-se promissores para solos tropicais, melhorando propriedades físicas e químicas do solo, retenção de nutrientes e desenvolvimento radicular. No entanto, o ajuste das formulações é essencial para garantir máxima eficiência agronômica e reduzir riscos ambientais. | pt_BR |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES | pt_BR |
| dc.language | por | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Biochar | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Vermicomposto | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Liberação controlada | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Lixiviação de nutrientes | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Qualidade do solo | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Raphanus sativus L. | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Vermicompost | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Controlled release | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Nutrient leaching | pt_BR |
| dc.subject | Soil quality | pt_BR |
| dc.title | Resíduos orgânicos como base para fertilizantes organominerais fosfatados em solos tropicais: desenvolvimento e avaliação agronômica | pt_BR |
| dc.title.alternative | Organic residues as a basis for organomineral phosphate fertilizers in tropical soils: development and agronomic evaluation | en |
| dc.type | Tese | pt_BR |
| dc.description.abstractOther | The intensification of organic waste generation and the pursuit of more sustainable agricultural practices have driven the development of organomineral fertilizers, capable of enhancing nutrient use efficiency, particularly phosphorus, in tropical soils. This thesis aimed to develop, characterize, and agronomically evaluate phosphorus-based organomineral fertilizers derived from organic residues, focusing on the interaction between their constituent fractions, nutrient dynamics in the soil, and radish performance. In Chapter I, physicochemical and spectroscopic characterization revealed relevant differences among the organic inputs. Vermicompost presented a higher proportion of aliphatic and oxygenated carbons, with rapid decomposition and high bioavailability. In contrast, biochar exhibited condensed aromatic structures, stable and slowly decomposing. The combination of both materials provided flexibility in formulation, balancing nutrient release and retention. However, high biochar doses may reduce immediate availability. Regarding morphology, fertilizers with 15% P2O5 were more porous, favoring water retention and microbial activity but with lower total phosphorus concentration. Formulations with 40–45% P2O5, on the other hand, showed higher density and slower release, with the risk of lower initial efficiency. The addition of molybdenum and the good homogenization of nutrients were positive aspects, although the challenge of balancing mechanical resistance and reactivity remained. Chapter II addressed the dynamics of nutrient release and leaching in sandy soil columns. A pH increase up to 6.0–7.0 was observed, which is beneficial in acidic soils but may reduce the availability of some micronutrients. Leaching of N and K was similar to that of mineral fertilizer, whereas P leaching was higher in P2O5-rich formulations, highlighting the risk of environmental contamination in soils with low retention capacity. This underscores the need to balance agronomic efficiency with environmental safety. In Chapter III, three formulations were tested in radish cultivation. The NT3K treatment (15% P2O5 + liming) stood out, increasing fresh tuber weight by up to 98.64% and improving commercial quality. Formulations with 40–45% P2O5 also outperformed mineral fertilizer, though with smaller gains. Liming enhanced phosphorus uptake and productivity, although higher incidence of cracking was observed in some treatments, possibly due to accelerated growth. In summary, organomineral fertilizers based on vermicompost and biochar proved to be promising for tropical soils, improving soil physical and chemical properties, nutrient retention, and root development. However, formulation adjustments are essential to ensure maximum agronomic efficiency while reducing environmental risks. | en |
| dc.contributor.advisor1 | Calderín García, Andrés | - |
| dc.contributor.advisor1ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-3847 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8896375232574274 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1 | Calderín García, Andrés | - |
| dc.contributor.referee1ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-3847 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8896375232574274 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2 | Berbara, Ricardo Luiz Louro | - |
| dc.contributor.referee2ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9443 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee2Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8529910145308595 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3 | Lima, Erica Souto Abreu | - |
| dc.contributor.referee3ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4140-3634 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee3Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/6111184982796209 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee4 | Nobre, Camila Pinheiro | - |
| dc.contributor.referee4ID | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-7456 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee4Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/5350879120540577 | pt_BR |
| dc.contributor.referee5 | Tavares, Orlando Carlos Huertas | - |
| dc.contributor.referee5Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/6517289620714369 | pt_BR |
| dc.creator.Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/8215713473257692 | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.country | Brasil | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Agronomia | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.initials | UFRRJ | pt_BR |
| dc.publisher.program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo | pt_BR |
| dc.relation.references | ABDOLLAHPOUR, M.; AHMADPOUR, M.; SINKAKARIMI, M. H.; ASBCHIN, S. A.; SOLTANI, K.; KHERMANDAR, K. A.; BINKOWSKI, Ł. J. Humic acid reduces lead phytoextraction efficiency of Erythrostemon gilliesii. Bioremediation Journal, 1-10. 2022. ABRAHÃO, A.; RYAN, M. H.; LALIBERTÉ, E.; OLIVEIRA, R. S.; LAMBERS, H. Phosphorus and nitrogen-acquisition strategies in two Bossiaea species (Fabaceae) along retrogressive soil chronosequences in south-western Australia. Physiol. Plant 163:323–43. 2018. ABREU, C. A.; ABREU, M. F.; BERTON, R. S. Análise química de solo para metais pesados. In: ALVAREZ, V. V. H.; SCHAEFER, C. E. G. R.; BARROS, N. F.; MELLO, J. W. V.; COSTA, L. M. Tópicos em Ciência do Solo. v. 2. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, p. 645-692. 2002. ADEKIYA, A. O., ADEBIYI, O. V., IBABA, A. L., AREMU, C., AJIBADE, R. O. Effects of wood biochar and potassium fertilizer on soil properties, growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomea batata). Heliyon 8(11):e11728. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11728. 2022. ADEKIYA, A. O.; AGBEDE, T. M.; EJUE, W. S.; ABOYEJI, C. M.; DUNSIN, O.; AREMU, C. O.; OWOLABI, A. O.; AJIBOYE, B. O.; OKUNLOLA, O. F.; ADESOLA, O. O. Biochar, poultry manure and NPK fertilizer: sole and combine application effects on soil properties and ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) performance in a tropi cal Alfisol. Open Agric 5(1):30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021. e07391. 2020a. ADEKIYA A. O.; AGBEDE, T. M.; OLAYANJU, A.; EJUE, W. S.; ADEKANYE, T. A.; ADENUSI. T. T.; AYENI, J. F. Effect of biochar on soil properties, soil loss, and cocoyam yield on a tropical sandy loam Alfisol. Sci World J. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9391630. 2020b. ADEKIYA, A. O.; PALMOWSKA, J.; ZALESKI, T.; GONDEK, K.; OGUNWOLE, D. O.; ADEBAYO, A. O. Effects of biochar and poultry manure on soil characteristics and the yield of radish. Scientia Horticulturae, v. 243, p. 457-463, DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.08.020. 2019. ADENIJI, A. Bioremediation of Arsenic, Chromium, Lead and Mercury. National Network of Environmental Management Studies Fellow for U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2004. ADRIANO, D. C. Trace elements in the terrestrial environment. Springer Verlag. Nova Iorque. 533p. 1986. AGBEDE, T. M.; OYEWUMI, A. Benefits of biochar, poultry manure and biochar–poultry manure for improvement of soil properties and sweet potato productivity in degraded tropical agricultural soils. Journal of Environmental Sustainable 7:100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100051 2022. AGEGNEHU, G.; SRIVASTAVA, A.; BIRD, M. The role of biochar and biochar-compost in improving soil quality and crop performance: A review. Appl. Soil Ecol. 119, 156–170. 2017. AGRISTAR https://agristar.com.br/topseed/rabanete/crimson-gigante/148. Acesso em maio de 2023. 106 AHMAD M, RAJAPAKSHA AU, LIM JE, ZHANG M, BOLAN N, MOHAN D, VITHANAGE M, LEE SS, OK YS. Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review. Chemosphere 99:19–33. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071. 2014. AHMAD M, USMAN ARA, AL-FARAJ AS, AHMAD M, SALLAM A, AL-WABEL MI. Phosphorus-loaded biochar changes soil heavy metals availability and uptake potential of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Chemosphere 194:327 339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.156 2018. AHMED, M. B.; JOHIR, M. A. H.; KHOURSHED, C.; ZHOU, J. L.; NGO, H. H.; NGHIEM, D. L.; MONI, M.; SUN, L. Sorptive removal of dissolved organic matter in biologicallytreated effluent by functionalized biochar and carbon nanotubes: Importance of sorbent functionality. Bioresour. Technol. 269, 9-17. 2018. AI, P. H., SUN, S. B., ZHAO, J. N., FAN, X. R., XIN, W. J., GUO, Q., YU, L., SHEN, Q. R., WU, P., MILLER, A. J., XU, G. H. Two rice phosphate transporters, OsPht1;2 and OsPht1;6, have different functions and kinetic properties in uptake and translocation. The Plant Journal, 57(5), 798–809. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03726.x 2009. ALEXANDER, M. Biodegradation, Bioremediation. 2a Ed., Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1999. ALLOHVERDI, T.; MOHANTY, A. K.; ROY, P.; MISRA, M. A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture. Molecules, 26, 5584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules26185584 2021. ALLOWAY, B. J. Heavy metals in soils. 2a. Ed. Glasgow: Blackie Academic, 364p. 1995. ALMEIDA, M. L. S. Hortaliças Tuberosas: Produção e pós-colheita. Editora Embrapa. 2015. PÉREZ ÁLVAREZ, S.; CABEZAS-MONTERO, D.; DEBORA-DUARTE, B. N.; MAGALLANES TAPIA, M. A.; SIDA-ARREOLA, J. P.; SÁNCHEZ, E.; HÉCTOR-ARDISANA, E. F. Induced response to antioxidative enzymes in rice under stress due to lead and nickel. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, v. 10, n. 1, p. 51–62. ISSN 2007-0934. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i1.570 2019. AMAYA, D. L.; HERRERA-LÓPEZ, E. J.; ARRIZON, J.; ARELLANO-PLAZA, M.; GSCHAEDLER, A. Performance evaluation of Pichia kluyveri, Kluyveromyces marxianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in industrial tequila fermentation. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., v. 29, p. 875-81, 2013. XIONGFANG, A. N.; JIANGLONG, Y. U.; JUNZHI, Y. U.; TAHMASEBI, A.; ZISHENG, W. U.; LIU, X.; YU, B. Incorporation of biochar into semi-interpenetrating polymer networks through graft co-polymerization for the synthesis of new slow-release fertilizers. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 272, art. 122731, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122731 ANDA – Associação Nacional para Difusão de Adubos. Anuário estatístico do setor de fertilizantes. Recuperado de https://www.anda.org.br 2023. ANGIN, I.; TURAN, M.; KETTERINGS, Q. M. A.; CAKICI, A. Humic acid addition enhances B and Pb phytoextraction by vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash). Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 188(1), 335-343. 2008. 107 ANJOS, A. R. M.; MATTIAZZO, M. E. Metais pesados em plantas de milho cultivadas em Latossolos repetidamente tratados com biossólido. Scientia Agrícola, v.57, n.4, p.769-776, out. /dez. 2000. ANO, A. O.; UBOCHI, C. I. Neutralization of soil acidity by animal manures: Mechanism of reaction. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2007, 6, 364–368. 2007. ANSARI, A., JAIKISHUN, S. Vermicomposting of sugarcane bagasse and rice straw and its impact on the cultivation of Phaseolus vulgaris L. in Guyana, South America. J. Agric. Tech. 7 2, 225–234. 2011. ANSARI, A. A., JAIKISHUN, S., ISLAM, S. K., KURI, K. F., NANDWANI, D. Principles of vermitechnology in sustainable organic farming with special reference to Bangladesh. In: NANDWANI, D. (Ed.), Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 9. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 213– 229. 2016. ANTONIOUS, G. F. Impact of biochar and organic fertilizers on sweet potato yield, quality, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, sugars, and phenols contents. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2024.2318368. 2024. ANTONIOUS, G. F. The Impact of Organic, Inorganic Fertilizers, and Biochar on Phytochemicals Content of Three Brassicaceae Vegetables. Appl. Sci., 13, 8801. https:// doi.org/10.3390/app13158801 2023. ANTONIOUS, G. F.; DAWOOD, M. H.; TURLEY, E. T.; PAXTON, R. B. Yield and quality of lettuce, pumpkin, and watermelon varieties grown under five soil management practices. Int. J. Appl. Agric. Sci., 7, 57–65. 2021. ANTONIOUS, G. F.; TURLEY, E. T. Trace elements composition and enzymes activity of soil amended with municipalsewage sludge at three locations in Kentucky. Internat. J. Appl. Agricul. Sci. (IJAAS). 6(5):89–95. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaas.20200605.11. 2020. ARAI, Y.; SPARKS, D. L. Phosphate reaction dynamics in soils and soil minerals: a multiscale approach. Adv. Agron. 94: 135–179. 2007. ARANÇON, N.; OLIVEIRA, C. A.; WEBSTER, K. A.; BUCKERFIELD, J. C. O potencial dos vermicompostos como meio de crescimento vegetal para a produção de culturas em estufa. In: Tecnologia de Vermicultura: Minhocas, Resíduos Orgânicos e Gestão Ambiental; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, EUA, pág. 103-128, 2010. ARANCON, N. Q., EDWARDS, C., BIERMAN, P. Influences of vermi-composts on field strawberries-2: effects on soil microbiological and chemical properties. Bioresour. Technol. 97, 831–840. 2006. ARANCON, N. Q., EDWARDS, C. A., BIERMAN, P., WELCH, C., METZGER, J. D. Influences of vermi-composts on field strawberries-1: effects on growth and yields. Bioresour. Technol. 93, 145–153. 2004. ASAP, A.; HARUNA, A. O.; AB MAJID, N. M.; ALI, M. Amending triple superphosphate with chicken litter biochar improves phosphorus availability. Eurasian J. Soil Sci. 7, 121–132. 2018. 108 ASFAW F. Effect of integrated soil amendment practices on growth and seed tuber yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) at Jimma Arjo, Western Ethiopia. J. Nat. Sci. Res. 6(15): 38- 63. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234656534.pdf 2016. ASHRAF, U.; KANU, A. S.; DENG, Q.; MO, Z.; PAN, S.; TIAN, H. A.; TANG, X. Lead (Pb) toxicity; physio-biochemical mechanisms, grain yield, quality, and Pb distribution proportions in scented rice. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 259. 2017. ASHRAF, U.; MAHMOOD, M. H. U. R.; HUSSAIN, S.; ABBAS, F.; ANJUM, S. A.; TANG, X. Lead (Pb) distribution and accumulation in different plant parts and its associations with grain Pb contents in fragrant rice. Chemosphere, 248, 126003. 2020. ASMARE, M.; HELUF, G.; MARKKU, Y.; BIRRU, Y. Phosphorus Status, Inorganic Phosphorus Forms, and Other Physicochemical Properties of Acid Soils of Farta District, Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia. Appl. Environ. Soil Sci., 2015. ATIYEH, R. M., ARANCON, N. Q., EDWARDS, C. A., METZGER, J. D. The influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growth and productivity of marigolds. Bioresour. Technol. 81, 103–108. 2001. ATIYEH, R. M., ARANCON, N. Q., EDWARDS, C. A., METZGER, J. D. The influence of humic acid derived from earthworms processed organic wastes on the plant growth. Bioresour. Technol. 8, 7–14. 2002. AULAKH, C. S., SHARMA, S., THAKUR, M., KAUR, P. A review of the influences of organic farming on soil quality, crop productivity and produce quality. J. Plant Nutr 45(12):1884–1905. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2022. 2027976 2022. AZEEM, BABAR; KUSHAARI, KUZILATI; MAN, ZAKARIA B.; BASIT, ABDUL; THANH, TRINH H. Review on materials & methods to produce controlled release coated urea fertilizer. Journal of Controlled Release, v. 181, p. 11–21, DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.020. 2014. BADER, B. R.; TABAN, S. K.; FAHMI, A. H.; ABOOD, M. A.; HAMDI, G. J. Disponibilidade de potássio em solo corrigido com matéria orgânica e fertilizante fosforoso sob estresse hídrico durante o crescimento do milho (Zea mays L.). J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci., 20, 390–394. 2021. BAKI, M.; ABEDI-KOUPAI, J. Preparation and characterization of a superabsorbent slow‐ release fertilizer with sodium alginate and biochar. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, v. 135, n. 10, 2017. BALDOCK, J. A.; NELSON, P. N. Soil organic matter. Soil Chemistry. In: SUMMER, M. E. (Editor-in-chief). Handbook of Soil Science. CRC Press, Boca Raton USA. p B25 – B84. 2000. BAMAGOOS, A. A.; ALHARBY, H. F.; ABBAS, G. Differential uptake and translocation of cadmium and lead by Quinoa: A multivariate comparison of physiological and oxidative stress responses. Toxics, 10(2), 68. 2022. BARAN, A.; MIKUŁA, A.; MAŃKA, J.; BAŃKOWSKA, R.; ZUBKIEWICZ, M.; ZUBKIEWICZ, W. The content and composition of organic matter in bottom sediments of the Rybnik reservoir - preliminary studies. Geology Geophysics and Environment, v. 44, n. 3, p. 309-317, 2018. 109 BARAN, A.; MAŃKA, J.; MIKUŁA, A.; BAŃKOWSKA, R.; ZUBKIEWICZ, M.; ZUBKIEWICZ, W. The influence of the quantity and quality of sediment organic matter on the potential mobility and toxicity of trace elements in bottom sediment. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 41, n. 6, p. 2893-2910, 2019. BARIOLA, P. A.; MACINTOSH, G. C.; GREEN, P. J. Regulation of S-like ribonuclease levels in Arabidopsis: antisense inhibition of RNS1 or RNS2 elevates anthocyanin accumulation. Plant Physiol. 119: 331–342. 1999. BATES, L. S. Rapid Determination of Free Proline for Water Stress Studies. Plant Soil, 39, 205-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060 1973. BAYER, C.; MIELNICZUK. J.; MARTIN-NETO, L. Efeito de sistemas de preparo e de cultura na dinâmica da matéria orgânica e na mitigação das emissões de CO2. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v.24, p.599-607, 2000. BEAUCHAMP, C.; FRIDOVICH, I. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and assays aplicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry, v.44, n.1, p.276-287, 1971. BENDER, J.; LEE, R.F.; PHILLIPS, P. A review of the uptake and transformation ofmetals and metalloids by microbial mats and their use in bioremediation, J. Ind. Microbiol. 14, 113– 118. 1995. BENINCASA, M. M. P. Análise de crescimento de plantas: noções básicas. Jaboticabal: FUNEP, 42 p. 2003. BENITES, V. M.; CORREA, J. C.; MENEZES, J. F. S.; POLIDORO, J. C. Produção de fertilizante organomineral granulado a partir de dejetos de suínos e aves no Brasil. In: FERTBIO, 2010. Anais... Guarapari: [s.n.], 4 p. 2010. BENITES, V. M.; KER, J. C.; MENDONÇA, E. S. Fracionamento quantitativo de substâncias húmicas como auxiliar na identificação de diferentes solos da região Sul do Brasil In: Reunião de Classificação, Correlação de Solos e Interpretacão de Aptidão Agricola, 6., 2000. Guia de excursão de estudos de solos nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná. Anais... Colombo: Embrapa Florestas, p.184-192. 2000. BENITES, V. M.; MADARI, B.; MACHADO, P. L. O. A. Extração e fracionamento quantitativo de substâncias húmicas do solo: um procedimento simplificado de baixo custo. Embrapa Solos, 7p. 2003b. BENITES, V. M.; SCHAEFER, C. E. R. G.; MENDONÇA, E. S.; MARTIN NETO, L. Caracterização da matéria orgânica e micromorfologia de solos sob Campos de Altitude no Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Campinas, v. 25, p. 661-674, 2001. BERBARA, R. L.; GARCÍA, A. C. Humic substances and plant defense metabolism. In: Physiological mechanisms and adaptation strategies in plants under changing environment (pp. 297-319). Springer, New York, NY. 2014. BERTOLI, A. C. Efeitos do cádmio e do chumbo no crescimento, translocação e teor de nutrientes tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum) cultivado em solução nutritiva. 2011. 95p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroquímica) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2011. BEZERRA, P. S. S.; TAKIYAMA, L. R.; BEZERRA, C. W. B. Complexação de íons de metais por matéria orgânica dissolvida: modelagem e aplicação em sistemas reais. Acta Amaz., 39(3):639-648. 2009. 110 BLANCHART, E., ALBRECHT, A., BROWN, G., DECAENS, T., DUBOISSET, A., LAVELLE, P., MARIANI, L., ROOSE, E. Effects of tropical endogeic earthworms on soil erosion. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 104, 303–315. 2004. BOLAN, N.; HOANG, A. S.; BEIYUAN, J.; GUPTA, S.; HOU, D.; KARAKOTI, A.; JOSEPH, S.; JUNG, S.; KIM, K. H.; KIRKHAM, M. B. Multifunctional applications of biochar beyond carbon storage. Int. Mater. Ver. 67(2):150–200. https://doi.org/10. 1080/09506608.2021.1922047. 2022. BOLAN, N. S.; MAHIMAIRAJA, S.; MEGHARAJ, M.; NAIDU, R.; ADRIANO, D. C. Biotrans-formation of arsenic in soil and aquatic environments: bioavailability and bioremediation. In: NAIDU, R. E.; SMITH, G.; OWENS, P.; BHATTACHARYA, P.; NADE- BAUM (Eds.) Managing Arsenic in the Environment: from Soil to Human Health, CSIRO, Australia, pp. 433–453. 2006. BOLAN, N. S.; NAIDU, R.; SYERS, J. K.; TILLMAN, R. W. Surface change and solute interactions in soils. Advances in Agronomy, San Diego, v. 67, p.87-140, 1999. BONSER A. M.; LYNCH J.; SNAPP, S. Effect of phosphorus deficiency on growth angle of basais roots in Phaseolus vulgaris. New Phytol. 132: 281–288. 1996. BORGES, A. L. Recomendações de calagem e adubação para abacaxi, acerola, banana, citros, mamão, mandioca, manga e maracujá. Brasília, DF: Embrapa, 2021. 303 p. BOSSIO, D. A.; COOK-PATTON, S. C.; ELLIS, P. W.; SANDERMAN, J.; SMITH, P.; WOOD, S.; ZOMER, R. J.; VON UNGER, M.; EMMER, I. M.; GRISCOM, B. W. The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions. Nature Sustainability, v. 3, p. 391-398, 2020. BOULAL, H.; GÓMEZ-MACPHERSON, H.; GÓMEZ, J. A.; MATEOS, L. Effect of soil management and traffic on soil erosion in irrigated annual crops. Soil & Tillage Research, v.115, p.62–70, 2011. BRAMRYD, T.; FRASHMAN, B. Silvicultural use of wood ashes—Effects on the nutrient and heavy metal balance in a pine (Pinus sylvestris, L.) forest soil. Water, Air and Soil Pollution. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Acidic Deposition: Science and Policy, Goteborg, Sweden, 26–30 June 1995; Acid Reign ’95, Part 2. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1995. BRASIL. CONSELHO NACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE (CONAMA). Resolução N° 357, de 28 de dezembro de 2005. Diário Oficial União, Brasília, DF, 30 dez, n. 357, p. 81-84. 2005. BRASIL. CONSELHO NACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE (CONAMA). Resolução N° 420, de 28 de dezembro de 2009. BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DA AGRICULTURA E PECUÁRIA (MAPA). Plano Nacional de Fertilizantes 2050. Recuperado de https://www.gov.br/agricultura/pt-br 2022. BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DA CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÕES (MCTI). Estratégias para inovação em fertilizantes. Brasília: MCTI. 2022. BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO AGRÁRIO E AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR (MDA). PRONAF Bioeconomia: Linha de crédito para a bioeconomia. Brasília, 2024. BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO, INDÚSTRIA, COMÉRCIO E SERVIÇOS (MDIC). Plano Nacional de Fertilizantes (PNF). Brasília, 2022. 111 BRIASSOULIS, D.; HELLER, M.; GIAKOUMAKI, A.; BOURA, P.; ANDRONIADIS, K. Review, mapping and analysis of the agricultural plastic waste generation and consolidation in Europe. Waste Management, v. 33, n. 6, p. 1262-1278, 2013. BRUUN, E. W.; AMBUS P.; EGSGAARD H.; HAUGGAARDNIELSEN, H. Efects of slow and fast pyrolysis biochar on soil C and N turnover dynamics. Soil Biol. Biochem. 46:73–79. 2012. BUCHER, M. Functional biology of plant phosphate uptake at root and mycorrhiza interfaces. New Phytol. 173: 11–26. 2007. CABRERA, M. L.; TORBERT, H. A.; TRUMBORE, S. E. Modeling nitrogen transformations in surface-applied biosolids. Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 34, n. 1, p. 229–236, 2005. CAI, L.; XU, J.; HUANG, J.; XU, H.; XU, F.; LIANG, Y.; FU, R.; WU, D. Structure control of powdery carbon aerogels and their use in high-voltage aqueous supercapacitors. New Carbon Mater. 32(06):550–556. 2017. CAI, Z.; XU, M.; WANG, B.; ZHANG, L.; WEN, S.; GAO, S. Effectiveness of crop straws, and swine manure in ameliorating acidic red soils: A laboratory study. J. Soils Sediments, 18, 2893–2903. 2018. ÇALIŞKAN, N., KOÇ, N., KAYA, A. AND ŞENSES, T. Obtaining Compost from Hazelnut Husk. Hazelnut Research Institute Result Report, 41 p., Giresun. 1996. CAMARGO, O. A.; ALLEONI, L. R. F.; CASAGRANDE, J. C. Reações dos micronutrientes e elementos tóxicos no solo. In: FERREIRA, M. E.; CRUZ, M. C. P.; RAIJ, B.; ABREU, C. A. Micronutrientes e elementos tóxicos na agricultura. Jaboticabal: Legis Summa, p. 89-124. 2001. CAMPOS, M. C. C. Atributos dos solos e risco de lixiviação de metais pesados em solos tropicais. Ambiência, Guarapuava, 6(3):547-565. 2010. CAMPOS, P.; MILLER, A. Z.; KNICKER, H.; COSTA-PEREIRA, M. F.; MERINO, A.; DE LA ROSA, J. M. Chemical, physical and morphological properties of biochars produced from agricultural residues: Implications for their use as soil amendment. Waste Management, v. 105, p. 256-267, 2020. CANELLAS, L. P.; BUSATO, J. G.; CAUME, D. J. O uso e o manejo da matéria orgânica humificada sob a perspectiva da agroecologia. In: CANELLAS, L. P.; SANTOS, G. A. (Ed). Humosfera: tratado preliminar sobre a química das substâncias húmicas. Rio de Janeiro: UENF, p. 244-267. 2005. CANELLAS, L. P.; ZANDONADI, D. B.; MÉDICI, L. O.; PERES, L. E. P.; OLIVARES, F. L.; FAÇANHA, A. R. Bioatividade de substâncias húmicas: ação sobre desenvolvimento e metabolismo das plantas. In: CANELLAS, L. P.; SANTOS, G. A. (Eds.). Humosfera: tratado preliminar sobre a química das substâncias húmicas. Campos dos Goytacazes: CCTA, UENF, p. 224-243. 2005. CAO X. D.; HARRIS, W. Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation. Biores. Technol. 101:5222–5228. 2010. CAO Y, TIAN Y, WU Q, LI J, ZHU H. Vermicomposting of lives tock manure as affected byc arbon-richaddi tives (straw, biochar and nanocarbon): a comprehensive evaluation of earthworm performance, microbial activities, metabolic functions and vermicompost quality. 112 Bioresour Technol. 320: 124404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124404 PMID: 33212386. 2021. CAPELLINI, V. L. M. F.; RODRIGUES, O. M. P. R.; MELCHIORI, L. E.; VALLE, T. G. M. Crianças contaminadas por chumbo: Estudo comparativo sobre desempenho escolar. Estudos em Avaliação Educacional, v. 19, n. 39, p. 155-180, 2013. CARNEIRO, M. A. C. C.; SIQUEIRA, J. O.; MOREIRA, F. M. DE S. Estabelecimento de plantas herbáceas em solo com contaminação de metais pesados e inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v. 36, n. 12, p. 1443- 1452, dez. 2001. CARVALHO, J. E. B.; SILVA, A. P. F. Impacto das características físicas de hortaliças na comercialização e preferência do consumidor. Revista Brasileira de Horticultura, 36(4), 12- 20. 2020. CERRI, C. E. P; CHERUBIN, M. R.; DENNY, D. M. T.; CANTARELLA, H.; NOGUEIRA, L. A. H.; MATSUURA, M. I. S. F.; GANDINI, M.; STUCHI, A. A. Carbon balance in the sugarcane sector- conference report. Journal of Cleaner Production. v.375. doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134090. 2022. CH’NG, H. Y.; AHMED, O. H.; MAJID, N. M. A. Improving phosphorus availability in an acid soil using organic amendments produced from agroindustrial wastes. Sci. World J., 1–6. 2014. CH’NG, H. Y.; SANUSI, S.; OTHMAN, S. B. Effect of Christmas Island rock phosphate and rice straw compost application on soil phosphorus availability and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in a tropical acid soil of Kelantan, Malaysia. Open Agric., 5, 150–158. 2020. CH’NG, H. Y.; SANUSI, S.; OTHMAN, S. B. Effect of Christmas Island rock phosphate and rice straw compost application on soil phosphorus availability and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in a tropical acid soil of Kelantan, Malaysia. Open Agric. 5, 150–158. 2020. CHAN, K. Y.; VAN ZWIETEN, L.; MESZAROS, I.; DOWNIE, A.; JOSEPH, S. Using poultry litter biochars as soil amend ments. Aust J Soil Res. 46: 437–444. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR08036 CHAN, K. Y.; ZWIETEN, L. V.; MESZAROS, I.; DOWNIE, A.; JOSEPH, S. Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Aust. J. Soil Res. 45:629–634. 2007. CHANCE, B.; MAEHLEY, A. C. Assay of catalases and peroxidases. Methods Enzymology, v. 2, p. 764-775. 1995. CHAPARRO, J. M.; SHEFLIN, A. M.; MANTER, D. K.; VIVANCO, J. M. Manipulating the soil microbiome to increase soil health and plant fertility. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 48, 489–499. 2012. CHAUHAN, H. K.; SINGH, K. Growth and development of earthworm Eisenia fetida during organic wastes management in different tertiary combinations of animal dung with agro wastes. Int. J. Recycl. Org. Waste Agric. 2, 1. 2013a. CHAUHAN, H. K.; SINGH, K. Effect of tertiary combinations of animal dung with agrowastes on the growth and development of earthworm Eisenia fetida during organic waste management. Int. J. Recycl. Org. Waste Agric. 2, 11. 2013b. 113 CHAUHAN, H. K.; SINGH, K. Potancy of vermiwash with neem plant parts on the infestation of earias vittella (fabricius) and productivity of Okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) moench. Asian J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 5 (1), 36–40. 2015. CHEN, B.; ZHU, Y. G. Humic acids increase the phytoavailability of Cd and Pb to wheat plants cultivated in freshly spiked, contaminated soil (7 pp). Journal of Soils and Sediments, 6(4), 236-242. 2006. CHEN, B.; ZHOU, D.; ZHU, L. Transitional adsorption and partition of nonpolar and polar aromatic contaminants by biochars of pine needles with diferent pyrolytic temperatures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42(14):5137–5143. 2008. CHEN, J.; WANG, L.; ZHANG, C.; ZHOU, J.; CHEN, H.; HUANG, B.; ZHANG, W. Environmentally friendly fertilizers: A review of materials used and their effects on the environment. Science of the Total Environment, v. 613-614, p. 829-839, 2018. CHEN, S.; LIU, H.; WANG, X.; ZHANG, Y.; XU, Q.; ZHANG, X. Preparation and characterization of slow-release fertilizer encapsulated by biochar-based waterborne copolymers. Science of The Total Environment, v. 615, p. 431-437, 2018b. CHEN, S. L.; WILSON, D. B. Genetic engineering of bacteria and their potential for Hg2+ bioremediation. Biodegradation 8, pp. 97–103. 1997. CHEN, W. F.; ZHANG, W. M.; MENG, J. Advances and prospects in research of biochar utilization in agriculture. Sci. Agric. Sin. 46(16):3324–3333. 2013. CHEN, W.; MENG, J.; HAN, X.; WANG, Y.; LI, Q.; ZHANG, Y.; LIU, S. Passado, presente e futuro do biochar. Biochar, v. 1, p. 75–87, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-019-00008- 3 CHENG, C. H.; LEHMANN, J.; ENGELHARD, M. H. Natural oxidation of black carbon in soils: changes in molecular formand surface charge along a clip sequence. Geochem. Cosmochim. Acta. 72(6):1598–1610. 2008. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2008.01.010. CHENG, H.; JONES, D. L.; HILL, P.; BASTAMI, M. S.; TU, C. Influence of biochar produced from different pyrolysis temperature on nutrient retention and leaching. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, v. 64, n. 6, p. 850–859, 2018. CHIDUMAYO, E. N. Effects of wood carbonisation on soil and initial development of seedlings in Miombo Woodland, Zambia. Forest Ecol Manag 70:353–357. 1994. CHIEN, S. H.; PROCHNOW, L. I.; CANTARELLA, H. Agronomic efficiency of fertilizer phosphorus: sources and management strategies. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 86(3), 177–186. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-009-9280-0 CHIEN, S. H; PROCHNOW, L. I.; CANTARELLA, H. Recent developments of fertilizer production and use to improve nutrient efficiency and minimize environmental impacts. In: CHIEN, S. H; PROCHNOW, L. I.; CANTARELLA, H. Advances in Agronomy. San Diego: Academic Press, v.102, pp. 267-322. 2009. CHINTALA R.; MOLLINEDO, J.; SCHUMACHER, T. E.; MALO, D. D.; JULSON, J. Efect of biochar on chemical properties of acidic soil. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 60(3):393–404. 2014. ÇITAK, S.; SÖNMEZ, S. Influence of Organic and Conventional Growing Conditions on the Nutrient Contents of White Head Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) During two Successive Seasons. J. of Agric. and Food Chem., 58(3): 1788-1793. 2010. 114 CLEMENS, S. Molecular mechanisms of plant metal homeostasis and tolerance. Planta, v. 212, n. 4, p. 475-486, 2001. CLEMENS, S.; PALMGREN, M. G.; KRÄMER, U. A long way ahead: understanding and engineering plant metal accumulation. Trends in plant science, v. 7, n. 7, p. 309-315, 2002. COMPANHIA AMBIENTAL DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - CETESB. Relação de áreas contaminadas. São Paulo: CETESB. 2020. Disponível em: https://cetesb.sp.gov.br/ Acesso em: 31 mar. 2022. CONAB. Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento. Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos – Relatório Anual 2024. Disponível em: https://www.conab.gov.br. Acesso em: mai. 2025. CONCEIÇÃO, P.C.; AMADO, T.J.C.; MIELNICZUK, J.; SPAGNOLLO, E. Qualidade do solo em sistemas de manejo avaliada pela dinâmica da matéria orgânica e atributos relacionados. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v.29, p.777-788, 2005. CONDRON, L. M.; TURNER, B. L.; CADE-MENUN, B. J. Chemistry and dynamics of soil organic phosphorus. In: SIMS, J. T.; SHARPLEY, A. N. (Eds.). Phosphorus: Agriculture and the Environment. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, WI, pp 87–121. 2005. CORAZZA, E. J.; SILVA, J. E.; RESCK, D. V. S.; GOMES, A. C. Comportamento de diferentes sistemas de manejo como fonte ou depósito de carbono em relação à vegetação de Cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 23, pp. 425-432, 1999. CORDELL, D.; DRANGERT, J. O.; WHITE, S. The story of phosphorus: global food security and food for thought. Glob Environ Change 19: 292–305. 2009. CORNELISSEN, G.; JUBAEDAH, NURIDA, N. L.; HALE, S. E.; MARTINSEN, V.; SILVANI, L.; MULDER, J. Fadingositive effect of biochar on crop yield and soil acidity during five growth seasons in an Indonesian Ultisol. Science of the Total Environment, 634(0806), 561–568. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.380 COSTA, C. N.; BRITO, M. G.; VENDAS, D. F.; LOPES, M.; CARAMELO, A. Solos Contaminados - O Problema e as Soluções de Remediação. Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, p. 1-85. 2015. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4103.6887 COSTA, E. M.; SILVA, H. F.; RIBEIRO, P. R. A. Matéria Orgânica do solo e o seu papel na manutenção e produtividade dos sistemas agrícolas. Enc. Bios, C. Cien. Conhecer, v. 9, n. 17, p. 1842. 2013. COUNCE, P.A., KEISLING, T.C., MITCHELL, A. J. Um Sistema Uniforme, Objetivo e Adaptativo para Expressar o Desenvolvimento do Arroz. Crop Science, 40(2), 436. doi:10.2135/cropsci2000.402436x. 2000. COUTINHO, I. B., BARROS DE SOUZA, C. D., LIMA, E. S. A., GARCÍA, A. C., PEREIRA, M. G., VALLADARES, G. S., DO AMARAL SOBRINHO, N. M. B. Roles of Soil Organic Matter and Humic Substance Structure in Cu and Pb Adsorption in Histosols. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 30(2), 148-162. 2021. CRISTALDI, A.; CONTI, G.O.; JHO, E. H.; ZUCCARELLO, P.; GRASSO, A.; COPAT, C.; FERRANTE, M. Phytoremediation of contaminated soils by heavy metals and PAHs. A brief review. Environ. Technol. & Innov., Amsterdam, v. 8, p. 309–326, 2017. 115 CROSS, A.; SOHI, S. P. The priming potential of biochar products in relation to labile carbon contents and soil organic matter status. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 43, n. 10, p. 2127– 2134, 2011. CROWLEY, D. E.; DUNGAN, R. S. Metals: microbial processes affecting metals. In: Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology. Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 1878– 1893. 2002. CRUZ, A. C.; PEREIRA, F. DOS S.; FIGUEIREDO, V. S. Fertilizantes organominerais de resíduos do agronegócio: avaliação do potencial econômico brasileiro. BNDES Setorial 45: Indústria química, p. 137-187, 2017. CUBERO B, NAKAGAWA Y, JIANG XY, MIURA KJ, LI F, RAGHOTHAMA KG, BRESSAN RA, HASEGAWA PM, PARDO JM. The phosphate transporter PHT4;6 is a determinant of salt tolerance that is localized to the Golgi apparatus of Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2: 535–552. 2009. DA SILVA, H. F. O., TAVARES, O. C. H., DA SILVA, L. D. S., ZONTA, E., DA SILVA, E. M. R., JÚNIOR, O. J. S., GARCÍA, A. C. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and humic substances increased the salinity tolerance of rice plants. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 44, 102472. 2022. DAMIAN, G. E., MICLE, V., SUR, I. M. Mobilization of Cu and Pb from multi-metal contaminated soils by dissolved humic substances extracted from leonardite and factors affecting the process. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 19(7), 2869-2881. 2019. DE AGUIAR, T. C.; TORCHIA, D. F. O.; CASTRO, T. A. V. T; TAVARES, O. C. H.; LOPES, S. A.; CANTARINO, R. E.; MOURA, O. V. T.; RODRIGUES, N. F.; BERBARA, R. L. L.; SANTOS, L. A.; GARCÍA, A. C. Spectroscopic-chemometric modeling of 80 humic acids confirms the structural pattern identity of humified organic matter despite different formation environments. Science of the Total Environment, v. 833, art. 155133, DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155133 2022. DE CASTRO, T. A. V. T., BERBARA, R. L. L., TAVARES, O. C. H., DA GRAÇA MELLO, D. F., PEREIRA, E. G., DE SOUZA, C. D. C. B.; GARCÍA, A. C. Humic acids induce a eustress state via photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism leading to a root growth improvement in rice plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 162, 171-184. 2021. DECAIG, L.; QIAN, G. L. I.; XIANGMIN, R; YUPING, Z.; CHANG, T. Application of biochar in dry landsoil decreas ing loss of nitrogen and improving nitrogen using rate. Trans Chinese Soc Agric Eng. 2014; 30: 54–61. DEL LONGO, O. T.; GONZÁLES, C. A.; PASTORI, G. M.; TRIPPI, V. S. Antioxidant defenses under hyperoxygenic and hyperosmotic conditions in leaves of two lines of maize with differential sensitivity to drought. Plant Cell Physiology, Oxford, v. 34, p. 1023-1028, 1993. DELUCA, T. H.; APLET, G. H. Charcoal and carbon storage in forest soils of the Rocky Mountain West. Front. Ecol. Environ. 6, 18–24. 2008. DELUCA, T. H.; GUNDALE, M. J.; MACKENZIE, M. D.; JONES, D. L. Biochar effects on soil nutrient transformations. In: Biochar for Environmental Management; Routledge: Oxford, UK, pp. 453–486. 2015. DEMEYER, A.; VOUNDI NKANA, J.; VERLOO, M. Characteristics of wood ash influence on soil properties and nutrient uptake: An overview. Bioresour. Technol. 77, 287–295. 2001. 116 DEMPSTER, D. N.; GLEESON, D.; SOLAIMAN, Z.; JONES, D. L.; MURPHY, D. Decreased soil microbial biomass and nitrogen mineralisation with Eucalyptus biochar addition to a coarse textured soil. Plant Soil 354, 311–324. 2012. DESNOS, T. Root branching responses to phosphate and nitrate. Curr Opin Plant Biol 11: 82–87. 2008 DEVAU, N.; LE CADRE, E.; HINSINGER P, GE ́RARD F. A mechanistic model for understanding root-induced chemical changes controlling phosphorus availability. Ann Bot (Lond) 105: 1183–1197. 2010. DHINDSA, R. H., PLUMB-DHINDSA, P., THORPE, T. A. Leaf senescence correlated with increased level of membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and decreased level of SOD and CAT. J. Exp. Bot. 32, 93-101.1981. DICK, D. P.; NOVOTNY, E. H.; DIECKOW, J.; BAYER, C. IX – Química da matéria orgânica do solo. In: MELO, V. F.; ALLEONI, L. R. F. (orgs.). Química e mineralogia do solo: Parte II – Aplicações. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 2, p. 1–68, 2009. DOERNER, P. Phosphate starvation signaling: a threesome controls systemic P(i) homeostasis. Curr Opin Plant Biol 11: 536–540. 2008. DONG, H. T.; LI, Y.; BROWN, P.; XU, C. Y. Sweet potato storage root formation as affected by soil organic amendmentapplications. Acta Physiol Plant. 45(7):88. doi: 10.1007/s11738- 023-03570-3. 2023. DORTZBACH, D.; ASSUNÇÃO, S. A.; PEREIRA, M. G.; SILVA NETO, E. C. Compartimentos da matéria orgânica do solo em vinhedos altomontanos de Santa Catarina. Brazilian Journal of Development, Curitiba, v. 6, n. 3, p. 10677–10691, 2020. DOI: 10.34117/bjdv6n3-080 DOU, Z.; TOTH, J. D.; GALLIGAN, D. T.; RAMBERG, C. F.; FERGUSON, J. D. Laboratory procedures for characterizing manure phosphorus. J Environ Qual 29: 508–514. 2000. DREW, M. C. Comparison of the effects of a localized supply of phosphate, nitrate, ammonium and potassium on the growth of the seminal root system, and the shoot, in barley. New Phytol 75: 479–490. 1975. DUAN, D.; TONG, J.; XU, Q.; DAI, L.; YE, J.; WU, H.; SHI, J. Regulation mechanisms of humic acid on Pb stress in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). Environmental Pollution, 267, 115546. 2020. DUARTE, R. P. S.; PASQUAL, A. Avaliação do cádmio (Cd), chumbo (Pb), níquel (Ni) e zinco (Zn) em solos, plantas e cabelos humanos. Energ. na Agric., Botucatu. v. 15, n. 1, p. 46- 58, 2000. DUME, B.; AYELE, D.; REGASSA, A.; BERECHA, G. Improving available phosphorus in acidic soil using biochar. J. Soil Sci. Environ. 8, 87–94.2017 EBELING, A. G. Atributos químicos, carbono orgânico e substâncias húmicas em Organossolos Háplicos de várias regiões do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 35, p. 325-336, 2011. ECKHARDT, D. P. Fertilizantes orgânicos: Índice de eficiência e produção de alface, cenoura e mudas de eucalipto. Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. 2015. 117 ECKHARDT, D. P.; REDIN, M.; SANTANA, N. A.; CONTI, L. D.; DOMINGUEZ, J.; JACQUES, R. L. S.; ANTONIOLLI, Z. I. Cattle manure bioconversion effect on the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potássium in soil. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 42, Viçosa, 2018. Epub, July 26, 2018. EDUAH, J. O.; NARTEY, E. K.; ABEKOE, M. K.; BREUNING-MADSEN, H.; ANDERSEN, M. N. Phosphorus retention and availability in three contrasting soils amended with rice husk and corn cob biochar at varying pyrolysis temperatures. Geoderma. 341, 10–17. 2019. EDUSSURIYA, R.; RAJAPAKSHA, A. U.; JAYASINGHE, C.; PATHIRANA, C.; VITHANAGE, M. Review: Influence of biochar on growth performances, yield of root and tuber crops and controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. Biochar. 5:68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00261-7 2023. EDWARDS, C. A.; DOMÍNGUEZ, J.; ARANCON, N. Q. The influence of vermicomposts of plant growth and pest incidence. In: SHAKIR, H. S.; MIKHAÏL, W. Z. A. (Eds.) Soil Zoology for Sustainable Development in the 21st Century, pp. 397–420. Cairo. 2004. ELSER, J. J., FAGAN, W. F., KERKHOFF, A. J., SWENSON, N. G., ENQUIST, B. J. Biological stoichiometry of plant production: metabolism, scaling and ecological response to global change. New Phytol 186:593–608. 2010. EMBRAPA. Biochar: produção, propriedades e aplicação no solo. Brasília: Embrapa Solos, 2020. Disponível em: https://www.embrapa.br/solos/biochar ERNANI, P. R.; AMEIDA, J. A; DOS SANTOS, F. C. Potássio. In: Fertilidade do Solo. Sociedade Brasileira de Solos (SBCS), Viçosa, 2007. ESBENSEN, K. H. Editorial. J. Chemometrics, 14:381-381. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099- 128x(200009/12)14:5/6<381::aid-cem645>3.0.co;2-b 2000. ESSIGMANN, B., GULER, S., NARANG, R. A., LINKE, D., BENNING, C. Phosphate availability affects the thylakoid lipid composition and the expression of SQD1, a gene required for sulfolipid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 1950–1955. 1998. ESTRELA, M. A.; CHAVES, L. H. G.; SILVA, L. N. Fitorremediação como solução para solos contaminados por metais pesados. Revista Ceuma Perspectivas. Vol. 31, 2525-5576. 2018. ETIEGNI, L.; CAMPBELL, A. G. Physical and chemical characteristics of wood ash. Bioresour. Technol. 37, 173–178. 1991. FAÇANHA, A. O.; CASTRO, R. N.; SILVA, C. A. Substâncias húmicas na agricultura: fundamentos e aplicações. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 45, e0200155, 2021. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20200155 FAHR, M., LAPLAZE, L., BENDAOU, N., HOCHER, V., MZIBRI, M. E., BOGUSZ, D., SMOUNI, A. Effect of lead on root growth. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 175. 2013. FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization. Soil nutrient mapping for sustainable agriculture. Rome: FAO. 2019. FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization. The state of the world's land and water resources for food and agriculture – Systems at breaking point. Rome: FAO. 2021. 118 FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization. Information Note: The importance of Ukraine and the Russian Federation for global agricultural markets and the risks associated with the current conflict. Rome: FAO. 2022. FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization. World Food and Nutrition Outlook 2024. Roma: FAO, 2024. FAOSTAT. FAO Statistical Database. Disponível em: https://www.fao.org/faostat. Acesso em: mai. 2025. FARRAR, M. B., WALLACE, H. M., XU, C. Y., JOSEPH, S., NGUYEN, T. T. N., DUNN, P. K., BAI, S. H. Biochar compound fertilisers increase plant potassium uptake 2 years after application without additional organic fertiliser. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29(5):7170–7184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16236-9 2022. FERNÁNDEZ, Z. H. Análise de metais pesados em solos de Pernambuco com diferentes atividades antrópicas. 150 f. Tese (Doutorado). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. 2017. FERREIRA, DANIEL FURTADO. SISVAR: um sistema computacional de análise para efeitos fixos do tipo parcela subdividida. Revista Brasileira de Biometria, [S.l.], v. 37, n. 4, p. 529- 535, dez. versão impressa ISSN 1983-0823. 2019. Disponível em: <http://www.biometria.ufla.br/index.php/BBJ/article/view/450>. Data de acesso: 10 de maio de DOI: https://doi.org/10.28951/rbb.v37i4.450. 2021. FERREIRA, J. A.; SIMÕES, M. L.; MILORI, D. M. B. P.; MARTIN-NETO, L.; HAYES, M. H. B.; MAO, J.; SCHMIDT-ROHR, K. Caracterização espectroscópica da matéria orgânica do solo. São Carlos, SP: Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, 3 p. (Circular Técnica, 24). 2004. FIGUEIREDO, C. C.; FARIA, W. M.; MELO, B. A. DE; CHAGAS, J. K. M.; VALE, A. T.; COSER, T. R. Labile and stable pools of organic matter in soil amended with sewage sludge biochar. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, v. 65, p. 03650340.2018.1524577, 2018b. FILGUEIRA, F. A. R. Novo Manual de Olericultura: Agrotecnologia moderna na produção e comercialização de hortaliças. Editora UFV. 2013. FONTANA, A.; PÉREZ, C. A.; MORAES, R. P.; BARBAGELATA, P. M.; VOLKOFF, B. Carbono orgânico e fracionamento químico da matéria orgânica em solos da Sierra de Ánimas – Uruguai. Floresta e Ambiente, Seropédica, v. 12, n. 1, p. 36-43, 2005. FONTANA, A.; PEREIRA, M. G.; BERNINI, T. A.; ANJOS, L. H. C.; WADT, P. G. S.; SANTOS, L. L. Compartimentos da matéria orgânica de solos sob floresta no estado do Acre. Floresta e Ambiente, Seropédica, v. 24, e00057113, 2017. FONTES, M. R.; WEED, S. B; BOWEN, L. H. Association of microcrystalline goethite and humic acid in some Oxisols from Brazil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Madison, v.56, p.982-990, 1992. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO). Post-Harvest Handling of Root Vegetables. 2017. FU, J.; WANG, C.; CHEN, X.; HUANG, Z.; CHEN, D. Classification research and types of slow controlled release fertilizers used – a review. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, v. 49, n. 17, p. 2219–2230, DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2018.1499757. 2018. 119 GADD, G. M. Bioremedial potential of microbial mechanisms of metal mobi-lization and immobilization. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 11. 271–279. 2000. GALVÃO, S. R. S.; SALCEDO, I. H.; DE OLIVEIRA, F. F. Acumulação de nutrientes em solos arenosos adubados com esterco bovino. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 43, n. 1, p. 99-105, 2008. GARCÍA, A. C. Frações sólidas humificadas de vermicomposto: seus efeitos em plantas e capacidade para a retenção de metais pesados. Seropédica, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia – Ciência do Solo, 130 p. Tese (Doutorado). 2013. GARCÍA, A. C., SOUZA, L. G. A., PEREIRA, M. G., CASTRO, R. N., GARCÍA-MINA, J. M., ZONTA, E., BERBARA, R. L. L. Structure-property-function relationship in humic substances to explain the biological activity in plants. Scientific Reports, 6(1), 1-10. 2016. GARCÍA, A. C., SANTOS, L. A., DE SOUZA, L. G. A., TAVARES, O. C. H., ZONTA, E., GOMES, E. T. M., BERBARA, R. L. L. Vermicompost humic acids modulate the accumulation and metabolism of ROS in rice plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 192, 56-63. 2016. GARCÍA, A. C., SANTOS, L. A., IZQUIERDO, F. G., SPERANDIO, M. V. L., CASTRO, R. N., BERBARA, R. L. L. Vermicompost humic acids as an ecological pathway to protect rice plant against oxidative stress. Ecological Engineering, 47, 203-208. 2012. GARCÍA, A. C., TAVARES, O. C. H., BALMORI, D. M., SANTOS ALMEIDA, V. D., CANELLAS, L. P., GARCÍA-MINA, J. M., LOURO BERBARA, R. L. Structure-function relationship of vermicompost humic fractions for use in agriculture. Journal of soils and sediments, 18(4), 1365-1375. 2018. GARCÍA, A. C., VAN TOL DE CASTRO, T. A., SANTOS, L. A., TAVARES, O. C. H., CASTRO, R. N., BERBARA, R. L. L., GARCÍA‐MINA, J. M. Structure–property–function relationship of humic substances in modulating the root growth of plants: A review. Journal of Environmental Quality, 48(6), 1622-1632. 2019. GEPSTEIN, S., SABEHI, G., CARP, M.J., HAJOUJ, T., NESHER, M.F.O., YARIV, I., DOR, C., BASSANI, M. Large-scale identification of leaf senescence-associated genes. Plant J. 36: 629–642. 2003. GIANNOPOLITIS, C. N.; RIES, S. K. Superoxide dismutases. Plant Physiology, v.59, n.2, p.309- 314, 1977. GILBERT, N. Environment: the disappearing nutrient. Nature 461: 716–718. 2009. GLAB, T.; PALMOWSKA, J.; ZALESKI, T.; GONDEK, K. Effect of biochar application on soil properties and crop productivity: A review. Geoderma, v. 276, p. 41-50, DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.05.010. 2016. GLASER B, LEHMANN J, ZECH W. Ameliorating physical and Chemical Properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal - A review. Biology and Fertility of Soils. pp. 219–230. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s00374-002-0466-4. 2002. GLASER, B.; LEHMANN, J.; ZECH, W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal – a review. Biology and Fertility of Soils, v. 35, p. 219–230, DOI: 10.1007/s00374-002-0466-4. 2002. 120 GLASER, B.; BALASHOV, E.; HAUMAIER, L.; GUGGENBERGER, G.; ZECH, W. Black carbon in density fractions of anthropogenic soils of the Brazilian Amazon region. Org. Geochem., 31, 669–678. 2000. GONÇALVES, V. C. Cádmio, chumbo e níquel: teores em fertilizantes fosfatados e fracionamento e sorção em solos do Rio Grande do Sul. 147 f. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre. 2009. GONZÁLEZ, M. E.; CEA, M.; MEDINA, J.; GONZÁLEZ, A.; DÍEZ, M. C.; CARTES, P.; MONREAL, C.; NAVIA, R. Evaluation of biodegradable polymers as encapsulating agents for the development of a urea controlled-release fertilizer using biochar as support material. Science of the Total Environment, v. 505, p. 446–453, DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.014 2015. GOODWIN, E. J.; BURROW, A. M. Effects of Application of Mill-Generated Primary Sludge and Boiler Ash on Loblolly Pine Survival and Growth. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-92; US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: Asheville, NC, USA, pp. 135–138. 195. 2006. GRANT, C. A.; FLATEN, D. N.; TOMLINSON, L. M. Nutrient uptake and partitioning in canola and implications for fertilizer management. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, v. 91, n. 6, p. 889–896, 2011. GUO, G.; LEI, M.; WANG, Y.; SONG, B.; YANG, J. Accumulation of as, cd, and pb in sixteen wheat cultivars grown in contaminated soils and associated health risk assessment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, Basel, v. 15, p. 1-17, DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112601. 2018. GWENZI, W.; NYAMBISHI, T. J.; CHAUKURA, N.; MAPOPE, N. Synthesis and nutrient release patterns of a biochar-based N–P–K slow-release fertilizer. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, v. 15, n. 2, p. 405–414, 2018. GYEWALI, B., MAHARJAN, B., RANA, G., PANDEY, R., PATHAK, R., POUDEL, P. Effect of different organic manures on growth, yield, and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus). SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 18(2), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v18i2.51112 2021. HALIM, M., CONTE, P., PICCOLO, A. Potential availability of heavy metals to phytoextraction from contaminated soils induced by exogenous humic substances. Chemosphere, 52(1), 265-275. 2003. HAMMES, K., TORN, M. S., LAPENAS, A.G., SCHMIDT, M. W. I. Centennial black carbon turnover observed in a Russian steppe soil. Biogeosciences 5(5):1339–1350. 2008. HAMMOND, J. P., WHITE, P. J. Sucrose transport in the phloem: integrating root responses to phosphorus starvation. J Exp Bot 59: 93–109. 2008. HAN, Q., ZHOU, Z., CHEN, L. Interface properties study of graphene reinforced carbon fber and epoxy resin composites. Knitt Ind 01:1–3. 2019. HANSEN, J. C., CADE-MENUN, B. J., STRAWN, D. G. Phosphorus speciation in manure- amended alkaline soils. J Environ Qual 33: 1521–1527, 2004. HARRISON, A. F. Soil Organic Phosphorus - A Review of World Literature. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK, p 257, 1987. 121 HATCHER, P. G.; WAGGONER, D. C.; CHEN, H. Evidence for the existence of humic acids in peat soils based on solid‐state 13C NMR. Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 48, p. 1571-1577, 2019. HAVLIN, J. L.; TISDALE, S. L.; NELSON, W. L.; BEATON, J. D. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers: An Introduction to Nutrient Management. 8. ed. Pearson, 2014. HEIMANN, M.; REICHSTEIN, M. Terrestrial ecosystemcarbon dynamics and climate feedbacks. Nature, v. 451, p.289-292, 2008. HEITKÖTTER, J.; MARSCHNER, B. Interactive effects of biochar ageing in soils related to feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and historic charcoal production. Geoderma, 245–246, 56– 64. 2015. HEREDIA, W., PEIRANO, P., BORIE, G., AGUÍLERA, M. Soil Organic Matter – Metal Interactions in Chilean Volcanic Soils Under Different Agronomic Management. Commun. Soil Sci. Plan., 33:13-14, 2002. HERNANDO, S., LOBO, M. C., POLO, A. Effect of application of a municipal refuse compost on the physical andchemical properties of a soil. Sci And the Total Environ, 81(82):589–596. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(89)90167-8. 1989. HINSINGER P. Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root- induced chemical changes: a review. Plant Soil 237: 173–195, 2001. HINSINGER, P., BENGOUGH, A. G., VETTERLEIN, D., YOUNG, I. M. Rhizosphere: biophysics, biogeochemistry, and ecological relevance. Plant Soil 321: 117–152, 2009. HOAGLAND, D. R.; ARNON, D. I. The water-culture method for growing plants without soil. Journal California Agricultural Experiment Station. vol 347; n. 2; pp. 32. 1950. HODGE A. The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients. New Phytol 162: 9–24, 2004. HORTA, C. Fertilisation with Compost: Effects on Soil Phosphorus Sorption and on Phosphorus Availability in Acid Soils. Open J. Soil Sci, 9, 255–268. 2019. HOSSAIN, M. A.; PIYATIDA, P.; SILVA, J. A. T.; FUJITA, M. Molecular mechanism of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance in plants: central role of glutathione in detoxification of reactive oxygen species and methylglyoxal and in heavy metal chelation. Journal of Botany, v. 2012, p. 1-37, 2012. HOUGHTON, R. A. The Contemporary Carbon Cycle. In: SCHLESINGER, W. H. (ed.). Treatise on Geochemistry. [S.l.]: Elsevier, v. 8. p. 473-513. 2003. HUA, M.; ZHANG, S. J.; PAN, B. C.; ZHANG, W. M.; LV, L.; ZHANG, Q. X. Heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by nanosized metal oxides: A review. J. Hazard Mater, 211– 212, 317–331. 2012. HUANG, H., WANG, Y. X., TANG, J. C., ZHU, W. Y. Properties of maize stalk biochar produced under different pyrolysis temperatures and its sorption capability to naphthalene. Environ Sci 35(5):1884. 2014. HUMMEL, C.; BOITT, G.; SANTNER, J.; LEHTO, N. J.; CONDRON, L.; WENZEL, W. W. Co-occurring increased phosphatase activity and labile P depletion in the rhizosphere of Lupinus angustifolius assessed with a novel, combined 2D-imaging approach. Soil Biol. Biochem., 153, 107963. 2021. 122 HURLEY, B. A., TRAN, H. T., MARTY, N. J., PARK, J., SNEDDEN, W. A., MULLEN, R. T., PLAXTON, W. C. The dual-targeted purple acid phosphatase isozyme AtPAP26 is essential for efficient acclimation of Arabidopsis to nutritional phosphate deprivation. Plant Physiol 153: 1112–1122. 2010. IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Base cartográfica contínua do Brasil –Escala 1:5.000.000. Disponível em: https://www.ibge.gov.br/geociencias/downloads- geociencias.html 2023. IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Produção Agrícola Municipal. Disponível em: https://www.ibge.gov.br. Acesso em: mai. 2025. IEVINSH, G. Vermi-compost treatment differentially affects seed germination, seedling growth and physiological status of vegetable crop species. Plant Growth Regul. 65, 169–181. 2011. IFA – International Fertilizer Association. Phosphate Fertilizer Production and Trade Report. Paris: IFA. 2022. IHSS, International Humic Substances Society. Sítio eletrônico. 2010. Disponível em: http://www.humicsubstances.org/. Acesso em: 13 de agosto de 2017. IKERRA, T. W. D.; MNKENI, P. N. S.; SINGH, B. R. Effects of added composts and farmyard manure on phosphorus release from Minjingu phosphate rock and its uptake by maize. Nor. J. Agric. Sci. 8, 13–23. 140. 1994. INDAWAN, E.; LESTARI, S. U.; THIASARI, N. Sweet potato response to biochar application on sub-optimal dry land. J Degrad Min Lands Manag. 5(2):1133. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2018.052.1133 2018. JABBOROVA, D.; WIRTH, S.; HALWANI, M.; IBRAHIM, M. F.M.; AZAB, I. H. E.; EL- MOGY, M. M.; ELKE, L. A. Growth response of ginger (Zingiber officinale), its physi ological properties and soil enzyme activities after biochar application under greenhouse conditions. Horticulturae 7(8):250. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/horticulturae7080250 2021. JANSSEN, B. H. Nitrogen mineralization in relation to C:N ratio and decomposability of organic materials. Plant and Soil, Dordrecht, v. 181, p. 39–45, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011290. 1996. JARVIS, S. C.; WILKINS, R. J.; PAIN, B. F. Opportunites for reducing the enviormental impact of dairy farming managements: a system approach. Grass and Forage Science, Oxford, v. 51, p. 21-31, 1996. JEN, H. C.; WU, J. T.; HUANG, W. T. Effects of Compost on the Availability of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Strongly Acidic Soils. Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute: Wufeng, Taiwan, 2008. JIMÉNEZ-GONZÁLEZ, M. A.; ALMENDROS, G.; WAGGONER, D. C.; ÁLVAREZ, A. M.; HATCHER, P. G. Assessment of the molecular composition of humic acid as an indicator of soil carbon levels by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. Organic Geochemistry, v. 143, 104012, 2020. JING JY, RUI YK, ZHANG FS, RENGEL Z, SHEN JB. Localized application of phosphorus and ammonium improves growth of maize seedlings by stimulating root proliferation and rhizosphere acidification. Field Crops Res 119: 355–364. 2010. 123 KALIS, E. J., TEMMINGHOFF, E. J., WENG, L., VAN RIEMSDIJK, W. H. Effects of humic acid and competing cations on metal uptake by Lolium perenne. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: An International Journal, 25(3), 702-711. 2006. KAR, M.; MISHRA, D. Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase activities during rice leaf senencence. Plant Physiology, v.57, n.2, p.315-319. 1976. KARTHIKEYAN, A. S.; VARADARAJAN, D. K.; JAIN, A.; HELD, M. A.; CARPITA, N. C.; RAGHOTHAMA, K. G. Phosphate starvation responses are mediated by sugar signaling in Arabidopsis. Planta 225: 907–918. 2007. KAUR, R., DAS, S., BANSAL, S., SINGH, G., SARDAR, S., DHAR, H., RAM, H. Heavy metal stress in rice: Uptake, transport, signaling, and tolerance mechanisms. Physiologia plantarum, 173(1), 430-448. 2021. KEELER, C.; KELLY, E. F.; MACIEL, G. E. Chemical–structural information from solid-state 13C NMR studies of a suite of humic materials from a lower montane forest soil, Colorado, USA. Geoderma, v.130, p.124-140. (2006). KEILUWEIT, M.; NICO, P. S.; JOHNSON, M. G.; KLEBER, M. Dynamic molecular structure of plant biomass-derived black carbon (biochar). Environmental Science & Technology, Washington, v. 44, n. 4, p. 1247–1253, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es9031419. 2010. KHAN, M., ROLLY, N. K., AL AZZAWI, T. N. I., IMRAN, M., MUN, B. G., LEE, I. J., YUN, B. W. Lead (Pb)-induced oxidative stress alters the morphological and physio- biochemical properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Agronomy, 11(3), 409. 2021. KHATTREE, R.; NAIK, D. N. Multivariate data reduction and discrimination with SAS® Software. 1st Edn, Vol. 1, pp. 211–345 (John Wiley; Sons). 2000. KHATTREE, R.; NAIK. D. N. Applied Multivariate Statistics with SAS® Software. Second Edition. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc. 1999. KHORRAMDEL, S.; KOOCHEKI, A.; MAHALLATI, M. N.; KHORASANI, R.; GHORBANI, R. Evaluation of carbon sequestration potential in corn fields with different management systems. Soil & Tillage Research, v. 133, p. 25-31, 2013. KIEHL, E. J. Fertilizantes Organominerais. 2a. ed. Piracicaba, Degaspari, 2008. 160p. KIEHL, E. J. Novos fertilizantes orgânicos. Piracicaba: 1a ed., v. 248, 2010. KIRAN, Y. K., BARKAT, A., XIAO-QIANG, C. U. I., YING, F., FENG-SHAN, P. A. N., & LIN, T. Cow manure and cow manure-derived biochar application as a soil amendment for reducing cadmium availability and accumulation by Brassica chinensis L. in acidic red soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(3), 725–734. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095- 3119(16)61488-0 2017. KLOTH, B. Aglukon Spezialdünger GmbH: Reply to the request on controlledrelease fertilizers. Personal communication. 1996. KOBYA, M.; DEMIRBAS, E.; SENTURK, E.; INCE, M. Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from apricot stone. Bioresource technology, v. 96, n. 13, p. 1518-1521, 2005. KOTCHONI SO, KUHNS C, DITZER A, KIRCH HH, BARTELS D. Overexpression of different aldehyde dehydrogenase genes in Arabidopsis thaliana confers tolerance to abiotic 124 stress and protects plants against lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Plant Cell Environ, 29(6):1033-1048. 2006. KRÄMER, U.; TALKE, I. N.; HANIKENNE, M. Transition metal transport. FEBS Lett. 581, 2263–2272. 2007. KUMAR, A.; BHATTACHARYA, T.; SHAIKH, W. A.; ROY, A.; CHAKRABORTY, S.; VITHANAGE, M.; BISWAS, J. K. Multifaceted applications of biochar in environmental management: a bibliometric profile. Biochar 5(1):11. (2023) https:// doi.org/10. 1007/s42773- 023- 00207-z. KUMAR, D.; SRIKANTASWAMY, S. Factors Affecting on Mobility of Heavy Metals in Soil Environment. IJSRD, 2(03). 2014. LAHORI, A. H.; MIERZWA-HERSZTEK, M.; RASHID, M.; KALHORO, S. A.; MEMON, M.; NAHEED, Z.; AHMED, M.; ZHANG, Z. Residual effects of tobacco biochar along with different fixing agents on stabilization of trace elements in multi-metal contaminated soils. Journal of Environmental Sciences. (China), 87, 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.07.003 2020. LAL, R. Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global. Science, v. 304, p. 1623, 2004. LAL, R. Soil health and carbon management. Food and Energy Security 5(4):212–222. 2016. LAMBERS, H.; SHANE, M. W.; CRAMER, M. D.; PEARSE, S. J.; VENEKLAAS, E. J. Root structure and functioning for efficient acquisition of phosphorus: matching morphological and physiological traits. Ann Bot (Lond) 98: 693–713. 2006. LANGE, A.; ZANDONADI, R. S.; GOBBI, F. C. Relações cálcio:magnésio e características químicas do solo sob cultivo de soja e milho. Nativa, Sinop, v. 7, n. 3, p. 251-255, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v7i3.7639 2021. LARSEN S. Soil phosphorus. Adv Agron. 19: 151–210. 1967. LE GUÉDARD, M.; FAURE, O.; BESSOULE, J-J. Early changes in the fatty acid composition of photosynthetic membrane lipids from Populus nigra grown on a metallurgical landfill. Chemosphere, v. 88, n. 6, p. 693-698, 2012. LEHMANN, J. Bio-energy in the black. Front Ecol Environ 5(7):381–387, 2007b. LEHMANN, J.; RONDON, M. Bio-Char Soil Management on Highly Weather ed Soils in the Humid Tropics. In: UP, H. N. (Ed.). Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 517–530. 2002. LEHMANN, J. Terra preta Nova - Where to from here? In: WOODS, W. I.; TEIXEIRA, W. G.; LEHMANN, J.; STEINER, C.; WINKLERPRINS, A. (Eds) Terra Preta Nova: a tribute to Wim Sombroek. Springer, Berlin, pp 473-486, 2009. LEHMANN, J.; GAUNT. J.; RONDON, M. Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems - a review. Mitig Adapt Strat Glob Change 11:403–427. 2006. LEHMANN, J. A handful of carbon. Nature, 447, 143–144. 2007. LEHMANN, J.; RILLIG, M. C.; THIES, J.; MASIELLO, C. A.; HOCKADAY, W. C.; CROWLEY, D. Biochar impacts on soil carbon and nutrient cycling. In: LEHMANN, J.; JOSEPH, S. (Eds.) Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology. London: Earthscan, p. 147–168. 2007. 125 LEHMANN, J.; RILLIG, M. C.; THIES, J.; MASIELLO, C. A.; HOCKADAY, W. C.; CROWLEY, D. Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems – A review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, vol. 11, p. 403–427, 2007. LEHMANN, J.; DA SILVA JR, J. P.; RONDON, M.; CRAVO, M. D. S.; GREENWOOD, J.; NEHLS, T.; STEINER, C.; GLASER, B. Slash-and-char-a feasible alternative for soil fertility management in the central Amazon. In: Proceedings... of the 17th World Congress of Soil Science, Bangkok, Thailand, 14–21 August 2002; pp. 1–12. 2002. LEHMANN, J.; GAUNT, J.; RONDON, M. Bio-char sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems – A review. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. Dordrecht, v. 11, n. 2, p. 403–427. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5. 2006. LEHMANN, J.; JOSEPH, S. Biochar for Environmental Management: Science, Technology and Implementation. 2. ed. London: Routledge, 2015.ISBN: 9781136279392. LEITE, L. F. C.; MORAES, R. M.; SILVA, C. A.; OLIVEIRA, L. C.; SILVA, A. C. Variabilidade espacial das frações da matéria orgânica do solo em área degradada sob recuperação. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, v. 19, n. 4, p. 394– 401, 2015. LENG, L. J.; HUANG, H. J.; LI, H.; LI, J.; ZHOU, W. G. Biochar stability assessment methods: a review. Sci Total Environ 647:210-222 .2019. LI, M.; WELTI, R.; WANG, X. Quantitative profiling of Arabidopsis polar glycerolipids in response to phosphorus starvation: roles of phospholipases D z1 and D z2 in phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis and digalactosyldiacylglycerol accumulation in phosphorus- starved plants. Plant Physiol 142: 750-761. 2006. LI, Y.; NIU, S. L.; YU, G. R. Aggravated phosphorusl imitation on biomass production under increasing nitrogen loading: a meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol 22:934-943. 2016. LI, H.; WANG, X.; LI, G.; ZHANG, Z.; ZHOU, W.; WANG, C. The role of major functional groups: Multi-evidence from the binding experiments of heavy metals on natural fulvic acids extracted from lake sediments. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 162, p. 514-520, 2018. LI, J. Exploration of Hemudu pottery culture. Jingdezhen’s Ceram 03:36-40. 1996. LI, S.; ZHAO, L.; WANG, C.; HUANG, H.; ZHUANG, M. Melhoria sinérgica do sequestro de carbono e rendimento das culturas por adição de material orgânico em solo salino: uma meta- análise global. Sci. Ambiente Total, 891, 164530. 2023. LI, X.; YANG, Y.; ZHANG, J.; JIA, L.; LI, Q.; ZHANG, T.; QIAO, K.; MA, S. Zinc induced phytotoxicity mechanism involved in root growth of Triticum aestivum L. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, v. 86, p. 198-203, 2012. LI, X.; ZHANG, B.; LI, N.; JI, X.; LIU, K.; JIN, M. Zebrafish neurobehavioral phenomics applied as the behavioral warning methods for fingerprinting endocrine disrupting effect by lead exposure at environmentally relevant level. Chemosphere, Oxford, v. 231, p. 315-325. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.146. 2019. LIAN, F. HUANG F, CHEN W, XING BS, ZHU LY. Sorption of apolar and polar and polar organic contaminants by waste tire rubber and its chars in single- and bi-solute systems. Environ Pollut 159(4):850. 2011. 126 LIANG, B.; LEHMANN, J.; SOLOMON, D.; KINYANGI, J.; GROSSMAN, J.; O’NEILL, B.; SKJEMSTAD, J. O.; THIES, J.; LUIZAO, F. J.; PETERSEN, J.; NEVES, E. G.; NETO, M. M.; RISSMANN, C.; DAS, K. C. Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 70, p. 1719–1730, 2006. LIBUTTI, A.; TROTTA, V.; RIVELLI, A. R. Biochar, vermicomposto e composto como corretivos orgânicos do solo: Influência nos parâmetros de crescimento, teor de nitrato e clorofila da acelga (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla). Agronomia, 10, 346. 2020. LIN, W. Y.; LIN, S. I.; CHIOU T. J. Molecular regulators of phosphate homeostasis in plants. J Exp Bot 60: 1427-1438. 2009. LIN, D.H.; TIAN, X. L.; LI, T. T.; ZHANG, Z. Y.; HE, X.; XING, B. S. Surface-bound humic acid increased Pb2+ sorption on carbon nanotubes. Environ. Pollut. 167, 138-147. 2012. LIN, H.; WANG, Z.; LIU, C.; DONG, Y. Technologies for removing heavy metal from contaminated soils on farmland: A review. Chemosphere, 135457. 2022. LINDSAY, W. L.; VLEK, P. L. G.; CHIEN, S. H. Phosphate minerals. In: DIXON, J. B.; WEED, S. B. (Eds.) Minerals in Soil Environment, Ed 2. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp. 1089-1130. 1989. LINHARES, P. C. F.; PEREIRA, M. F. S.; OLIVEIRA, B. S.; HENRIQUES, G. P. S. A. MARACAJÁ, P. B. Produtividade de rabanete em sistema orgânico de produção. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, v. 5, n. 5, p. 94 – 101, 2010. LIU, S.; MENG, J.; JIANG, L.; YANG, X.; LAN, Y.; CHENG, X.; CHEN, W. Rice husk biochar impacts soil phosphorous availability, phosphatase activities and bacterial community characteristics in three different soil types. Appl. Soil Ecol., 116, 12-22. 2017. LIU, X.; ZHANG, J.; WANG, Q.; CARVALHO, T.; OLIVEIRA, H.; HAMOUD, Y.A. Melhoria da fotossíntese por biochar e vermicomposto para aumentar a produtividade do tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) em condições de casa de vegetação. Plantas, 11, 3214. 2022. LIU, X. B.; HAN, X. Z.; HERBERT, S. J.; XING, B. Dynamics of soil organic carbon under different agricultural management system in the black soil of China. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, v. 34, p. 973-984, 2003. LÓPEZ-BUCIO, J.; CRUZ-RAMÍREZ, A.; HERRERA-ESTRELLA, L. The role of nutrient availability in regulating root architecture. Curr Opin Plant Biol 6: 280-287. 2003. LOPES, W. A.; SANTOS, J. R. Qualidade comercial de hortaliças tuberosas em mercados locais e exportação. Agropecuária Científica no Semiárido, 14(3), 87-95. 2018. LORENZ, K., LAL, R. Organic Agriculture and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. In: Organic Agriculture and Climate Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17215- 1_3 2023. LU, S. G.; SUN, F.-F.; ZONG, Y.-T. Effect of rice husk biochar and coal fly ash on some physical properties of expansiveclayey soil (vertisol). Catena. 114:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2013.10.014. 2014. LUENGO, C.; BRIGANTE, M.; ANTELO, J.; AVENA, M. Kinetics of phosphate adsorption on goethite: comparing batch adsorption and ATR-IR measurements. J Colloid Interface Sci 300: 511-518. 2006. 127 LUO, Y.; DURENKAMP, M.; DE NOBILI, M.; LIN, Q.; DEVONSHIRE, B. J.; BROOKES, P. C. Microbial biomass growth, following incorporation of biochars produced at 350 °C or 700 °C, in a silty-clay loam soil of high and low pH. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 57, p. 513- 523, 2013. LV, H.; ZHAO, Y.; WANG, Y.; WAN, L.; WANG, J.; BUTTERBACH-BAHL, K.; LI, S.; LIU, H.; WU, D.; ZHANG, X. Conventional flooding irrigation and over fertilization drives soil pH decrease not only in the top-but also in subsoil layers in solar greenhouse vegetable production systems. Geoderma. 363: 114156. 2020. LYNCH, J. P. Root architecture and plant productivity. Plant Physiol 109:7-13. 1995. LYNCH, J. P.; BROWN, K. M. Root strategies for phosphorus acquisition. In: WHITE, P. J.; HAMMOND, J. P. (Eds.). The Ecophysiology of Plant-Phosphorus Interactions. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 83-116. 2008. LYNCH, J. P. Root architecture and plant productivity. Plant Physiology, v. 109, p. 7-13, 1995. MA, C.; FENG, X.; DING, Y. J.; ZHANG, X. H.; CHENG, K.; PAN, G. X. Nanopore distribution of biochar and soil aggregates revealed with the technology of nuclear magnet. Chin J Soil Sci 49(3):582-587. 2018. MA, Y. Study and research on the pottery block of Hemudu fveleaf grain. World Antiq 05:46- 49. 2018. MAGUIRE, J. D. Spead of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigour. Crop Science, v. 2, n. 2, p. 176-177, 1962. MAJOR, J.; RONDON, M.; MOLINA, D.; RIHA, S. J.; LEHMANN, J. Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol. Revista Plant Soil. v. 333, p. 117-128, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0327-0 2010. MALAVOLTA, E. Fertilizantes e seu impacto ambiental: micronutrientes e me tais pesados, mitos, mistificação e fatos. São Paulo: ProduQuímica, 153p. 1994. MALAVOLTA, E.; VITTI, G. C.; OLIVEIRA, S. A. Avaliação do estado nutricional das plantas: princípios e aplicações. 2a ed. Piracicaba: Potafos, 319p. 1997. MALCOLM, R. L. The uniqueness of humic substances in each of soil, stream and marine environments. Analytica Chimica Acta, Amsterdan, v. 232, p. 19-30, 1990. MALHIA, S. S.; NYBORG. M.; SOLBERG, E. D.; DYCK, M. F.; PUURVEEN, D. Improving crop yield and N uptake with long-term straw retention in two contrasting soil types. Field Crops Research, v. 124, p. 378-391, 2011. MANDRE, M.; PARN, H.; OTS, K. Short-term effects of wood ash on the soil and the lignin concentration and growth of Pinus sylvestris L. For. Ecol. Manag. 223, 349-357. 2006. MANZOOR, M. L.; NI, K.; RUAN, J. Efeito do uso integrado de torta de colza, biochar e fertilizantes químicos no crescimento radicular, eficiência do uso de nutrientes e produtividade do chá. Agronomia, 12, 1823. 2022. MAPA. Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária. Plano Nacional de Bioinsumos. Brasília: MAPA, 2024. MARKLEIN, A. R.; HOULTON, B. Z. Nitrogen inputs accelerate phosphorus cycling rates across a wide variety of terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytol 193:696-704. 2012. 128 MARRIS, E. Black is the new green. Nature 442:624-626, 2006. MARSCHNER H. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2a . ed. London: Academic Press, p. 889. 1995. MARSCHNER, H. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 3a . ed. London: Academic Press, 2012. MARTINS, C. A. S.; NOGUEIRA, N. O.; RIBEIRO, P. H.; RIGO, M. M.; CANDIDO, A. O. A dinâmica de metais traço no solo. R. Bras. Agroci., 17(3-4):383-391. 2011. MARTINS, J.; FIGUEIREDO, B. R. Testes de mobilidade de chumbo e arsênio em solo contaminado em Apiaí (SP). Geochimica Brasiliensis, [s. l.], p. 189-200, DOI: 10.5327/Z0102-9800201400020007. 2014. MARU, A.; HARUNA, A. O.; ASAP, A.; MAJID, N. M. A.; MAIKOL, N.; JEFFARY, A.V. Reducing Acidity of Tropical Acid Soil to Improve Phosphorus Availability and Zea mays L. Productivity through Efficient Use of Chicken Litter Biochar and Triple Superphosphate. Appl. Sci., 10, 2127. 2020. MAXIMINIANO, A. M. DE S.; BARBOSA, A. M.; CAVANI, A. C. M.; QUEIROZ, A. P.; GUIMARÃES, C. C.; TEIXEIRA, C. E.; CIRANI, C. B. S.; SACCOCCIO, E. M.; MOTTA, F. G.; SETTI, G.; GARCIA, L. P.; ARAÚJO, M. M. DE; RISSARDI, M.; BRITO, M.; YOSHIKAWA, N. K.; ARAÚJO CUNHA, R. C. DE; MORAES, S. L. DE; TAVARES, T.; GOMES, T. L.; TUKOFF-GUIMARAES, Y. B. PANORAMA GAC. Mapeamento da cadeia de gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas. São Paulo: IPT - Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo. 2016. MBAGWU, J. S.; PICCOLO, A. Effects of Humic Substances from Oxidized Coal on Soil Chemical Properties and Maize Yield. The Role of Humic Substances in the Ecosystems and in Environmental Protection. IHSS, Polish Society of Humic Substances: Wroclaw, Poland, pp. 921-925. 1997. MBAGWU, J. S. C.; PICCOLO, A.; SPALLACCI, P. Effects of field applications of organic wastes from different sources on chemical, rheological and structural properties of some Italian surface soils. Biores. Tech., 37, 71-78. 1991. MBAH, C. N.; NWITE, J. N.; NJOKU, C.; NWEKE, I. A. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to different rates of wood-ash application in acid ultisol in Southeast Niger. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 5, 580-583. 2010. MENSAH, A. K.; FRIMPONG, K. A. Biochar and/or compost applications improve soil properties, growth, and yield of maize grown in acidic rainforest and coastal savannah soils in Ghana. Int. J. Agron. 2018. METSON, G. S.; MACDONALD, G. K.; HABERMAN, D.; NESME, T.; BENNETT, E. M. Feeding the Corn Belt: Opportunities for phosphorus recycling in U.S. agriculture. Sci. Total. Environ., 542, 1117-1126. 2016. MINISTÉRIO DA AGRICULTURA, PECUÁRIA E ABASTECIMENTO (MAPA). Normas para classificação e comercialização de hortaliças frescas. Disponível em: www.gov.br/agricultura. 2019. MINISTÉRIO DA AGRICULTURA, PECUÁRIA E ABASTECIMENTO. Secretaria de Defesa Agropecuária. Instrução Normativa 23, de 31 de agosto de 2005. Diário Oficial, Brasília, DF, 28 de junho de 2009. Seção 1, p. 20. Disponível em: < 129 http://www.agricultura.gov.br/assuntos/insumosagropecuarios/insumosagricolas/fertiliza ntes/legislacoes> Acesso em: 15 Jan. 2022. MOGHTADERI, T.; AMINIYAN, M. M.; ALAMDAR, R.; MOGHTADERI, M. Indexbased evaluation of pollution characteristics and health risk of potentially toxic metals in schools dust of Shiraz megacity, SW. Iran Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess., [s. l.], v. 25, p. 410-437, DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2019.1568857. 2019. MON, W.W.; UENO, H. Short-Term Effect of the Combined Application of Rice Husk Biochar and Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Radish Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Plants, 13, 2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ plants13172376. 2024. MONDA, H., MCKENNA, A. M., FOUNTAIN, R., LAMAR, R. T. Bioactivity of humic acids extracted from shale ore: Molecular characterization and structure-activity relationship with tomato plant yield under nutritional stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 958. 2021. MONFARED, K.; ARDAKANI, P. R M. R.; SARAJUQI, F. M.; BADI, H. A. N. Efeitos do consórcio de nabo forrageiro (Brassica rapa L.) e manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) e da aplicação de vermicomposto e biochar como corretivos do solo sobre a qualidade e quantidade da cultura do nabo forrageiro. Agricultura Biológica e Horticultura, 39(2), 129-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2023.2172691. 2023. MOREIRA, A.; MALAVOLTA, E. Dinâmica do fósforo no solo. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 28, p. 665-672. 2004. MOREIRA, F. M. S.; SIQUEIRA, J. O. Microbiologia e bioquímica do solo. 2a ed. Lavras: Editora UFLA, 729p. 2006. MORENO, F. N.; ANDERSON, C. W. N.; STEWART, R. B.; ROBINSON, B. H.; GHOMSHEI, M.; MEECH, J. A. Induced plant uptake and transport of mercury in the pres- ence of sulphur-containing ligands and humic acids, New Phytol. 166, 445-454. 2005. MORGAN, K. T.; SHEDD, J. M.; STALL, W. M.; KORCAK, R. F. Release mechanisms for slow and controlled release fertilizers and strategies for their use in vegetable production. Hort. Technology, 19(1), 10-12, 2009. MOTAVALLI, P.; MILES, R. Soil phosphorus fractions after 111 years of animal manure and fertilizer applications. Biol. Fertil. Soils, 36, 35-42. 2002. MUHMOOD, A.; LU, J.; DONG, R.; WU, S. Formation of struvite from agricultural waste waters and its reuse on farmlands: Status and hindrances to closing the nutrient loop. J. Environ. Manag., 230, 1-13. 2019. MUZILLI, O. Manejo da matéria orgânica no sistema plantio direto: a experiência no Estado do Paraná. Informações Agronômicas, 100, 6-10. 2002. NACRY, P.; CANIVENC, G.; MULLER, B.; AZMI, A.; VAN ONCKELEN, H.; ROSSIGNOL, M.; DOUMAS P. A role for auxin redistribution in the responses of the root system architecture to phosphate starvation in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 138: 2061-2074. 2005. NADER, R. H.; AMAL, W.; ABOU, E. K.; RAAFAT, N. Z. Effect of organic and bio-fertilizers on phosphorus and some micronutrients availability in a calcareous soil, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Res. J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 4, 545-552. 2008. 130 NAG, R.; CUMMINS, E. Human health risk assessment of lead (Pb) through the environmental-food pathway. Science of The Total Environment, Amsterdam, v. 810, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151168. 2022. NAS, F. S.; ALI, M. The effect of lead on plants in terms of growing and biochemical parameters: a review. MOJ Eco Environ Sci, Edmond, v. 3, n. 4, p. 265-268. DOI: 10.15406/mojes.2018.03.00098. 2018. NAZ, M. Y.; SULAIMAN, S. A. Slow-release coating remedy for nitrogen loss from conventional urea: a review. Journal of Controllled Release, v. 225, p. 109-120, 2016. NCIIZAH, A. D. WAKINDIKI, I. I. C. Particulate organic matter, soil texture and mineralogy relations in some Eastern Cape ecotopes in South Africa. South African Journal of Plant and Soil, v. 29, n. 1, p. 39-46, 2012. NEILSON, R. L. Presence of plant growth substances in earthworms, demonstrated by the paper chromatography and went pea test. Nature (Lond.) 208, 1113-1114, 1965. NESTEROV, V. N.; ROZENTSVET, O. A.; MURZAEVA, S. V. Changes in lipid composition in the tissues of fresh-water plant Hydrilla verticillata induced by accumulation and elimination of heavy metals. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, v. 56, n. 1, p. 85-93, 2009. NEUMANN, G.; RÖMHELD, V. Root-induced changes in the availability of nutrients in the rhizosphere. In: WAISEL, Y.; ESHEL, A.; KAFKAFI, U. (Eds.), Plant Roots, The Hidden Half, Ed 3. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, pp 617-649. 2002. NOVAIS, R. F.; SMYTH, T. J.; NUNES, F. N. Fósforo. In: NOVAIS, R. F.; ALVAREZ V., V. H.; BARROS, N. F.; FONTES, R. L. F.; CANTARUTTI, R. B.; NEVES, J. C. L. (org.). Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, p. 471-550. 2007. NOVAK, J. M.; LIMA, I.; GASKIN, J. W.; STEINER, C.; DAS, K. C.; AHMEDNA, M. Characterization of designer biochar produced at different temperatures and their effects on a loamysand. 3:195-206. 2009. NOVAK, J. M.; BUSSCHER, W. J.; LAIRD, D. L. Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern coastal plain soil. Soil Sci 174(2):105-112. 2009. NOVAK, J. M.; BUSSCHER, W. J.; LAIRD, D. L.; AHMEDNA, M.; WATTS, D. W.; NIANDOU, M. A. S. Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern coastal plain soil. Soil Sci 174:105-112. 2009. NOVAK, J. M.; BUSSCHER, W. J.; LAIRD, D. L.; AHMEDNA, M.; WATTS, D. W.; NIANDOU, M. A. S. Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of southeastern coastal plain soil. Soil Science, v. 174, n. 2, p. 105-112. DOI: 10.1097/SS.0b013e3181981d9a 2009. NOVOTNY, E. H.; MAIA, C. M. B. F.; CARVALHO, M. T. M.; MADARI, B. E. Biochar: pyrogenic carbono for agricultural use – a critical review. R. Bras. Ci. Solo, 39:321-344, DOI: 10.1590/01000683rbcs20140818 2015. NTHEJANE, M. M.; DU PREEZ, C. C.; VAN HUYSSTEEN, C. W. Relationships between agronomic and environmental phosphorus analyses of selected soils. Water SA, 47, 97-105. 2021. NWEKE, I. A.; MBAH, C. N.; OWEREMADU, E. O.; DAMBABA, N.; ORJI, E. C.; EKESIOBI, A. I.; NNABUIFE, E. L. C. Soil pH, available P of an ultisol and castor performance as influenced by contrasting tillage methods and wood ash. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 12, 606-616. 2017. 131 OECD – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Impacts of the war in Ukraine on global agricultural markets. Paris: OECD. 2022. OELKERS, E. H.; VALSAMI-JONES, E. Phosphate mineral reactivity and global sustainability. Elements 4: 83-87. 2008. OGAWA, M. Rehabilitation of Pine with Charcoal and Mycorrhiza. Chikushishokan Publishing: Tokyo, Japan, 2007. OHNO, T.; AMIRBAHMAN, A. Phosphorus availability in boreal forest soils: A geochemical and nutrient uptake modeling approach. Geoderma, 155, 46-54. 2010. OHNO, T.; FERNANDEZ, I. J.; HIRADATE, S.; SHERMAN, J. F. Effects of soil acidification and forest type on water soluble soil organic matter properties. Geoderma, 140, 176-187. 2007. OLIVEIRA, F. F.; SALCEDO, I. H.; GALVÃO, S. R. Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: Produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, v.15, n.12, p.1228-1234, 2011. OLIVEIRA, L. B.; FERNANDES, A. R.; SANTOS, D. R. Características químicas de fertilizantes organominerais. Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Lages, v. 19, n. 2, p. 230- 238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5965/223811711922020230. 2020. OLIVEIRA, L. R. Metais pesados e atividade enzimática em Latossolos tratados com lodo de esgoto e cultivados com milho. 108f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Jaboticabal, 2008. OLIVEIRA, P.; CHANG, S. X. Biochar diminui e inibidor de nitrificação aumenta a limitação de fósforo para o crescimento microbiano em uma rotação trigo-canola. Sci. Ambiente Total., 858, 159773. 2023. OLSEN, C. On the influence of humus substances on the growth of green plants in water culture. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 18:1-16, 1913. OMS – ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE. Comité Codex Alimentarius. Norma general del Codex para los contaminantes y las toxinas presentes en los alimentos y piensos. Codex Stan 193-1995, Rev. 4, 2009. OSMONT, K. S.; SIBOUT, R.; HARDTKE, C. S. Hidden branches: developments in root system architecture. Annu Rev Plant Biol 58: 93-113. 2007. ÖZER, H. Develop Organomineral Fertilizer from Biomass Energy Power Plant Ash and Organic Wastes (Master's Thesis), Sakarya University Institute of Social Sciences, 73 p, Sakarya. 2017. PALM, C. A.; MYERS, R. J. K.; NWAISEMO, S. M. Combined use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources for soil fertility maintenance and replenishment. In: BURESH, R. J.; SANCHEZ, P. A.; CALHOUN, F. (Ed.). Replenishing soil fertility in Africa. Madison: SSSA, p. 193–217. (SSSA Special Publication 51). 2001. PARFITT, R. L. Phosphate reactions with natural allophone, ferrihydrite and goethite. J Soil Sci 40:359-369, 1989. PARK, J.; HUNG, I.; GAN, Z.; ROJAS, O. J.; LIM, K. H.; PARK, S. Activated carbon from biochar: influence of its physicochemical properties on the sorption characteristics of phenanthrene. Bioresour. Technol., 149, 383-389. 2013. 132 PAUL, B. K.; VANLAUWE, B.; AYUKE, F.; GASSNER, A.; HOOGMOED, M.; HURISSO, T. T.; KOALA, S.; LELEI, D.; NDABAMENYE, T.; SIX, J.; PULLEMAN, M. M. Medium- term impact of tillage and residue management on soil aggregate stability, soil carbon and crop productivity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v.164, p.14-22, 2013. PAUL, E. A. (Org.). Soil microbiology, ecology and biochemistry. 4. ed. Boston: Academic Press, 2014. PAULETTI, V.; LIMA, M. R.; BARCIK, C.; BITTENCOURT, A. Rendimento de grãos de milho e soja em uma sucessão cultural de oito anos sob diferentes sistemas de manejo de solo e de culturas. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 33, n. 3, p. 491-495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782003000300015 2003. PAULO, S. P.; MERLIN, A.; ROSOLEM, C. A. Organic Compounds from Plant Extracts and Their Effect on Soil Phosphorus Availability. Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras., 43, 1379-1388. 2008. PAWLIK-SKOWROŃSKA, B.; BAČKOR, M. Zn/Pb-tolerant lichens with higher content of secondary metabolites produce less phytochelatins than specimens living in unpolluted habitats. Environmental and Experimental Botany, v. 72, n. 1, p. 64-70, 2011. PEIXOTO, C. P. Análise de crescimento e rendimento de três cultivares de soja em três épocas de semeadura e três densidades de plantas. 1998. 151 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fitotecnia) - Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, 1998. PEIXOTO, P. H. P.; CAMBRAIA, J.; SANT’ANNA, R.; MOSQUIM, P. R.; MOREIRA, M. A. Aluminum effects on lipid peroxidation and on the activities of enzymes of oxidative metabolism in sorghum. Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia Vegetal, v. 11, n. 3, p. 137-143, 1999. PENG, Y. F.; LI, F.; ZHOU, G. Y.; FANG, K.; ZHANG DY, LI CB, YANG GB, WANG GQ, WANG J, YANG YH. Linkages of plant stoichiometry to ecosystem production and carbon fluxes with increasing nitrogen inputs in an alpine steppe. Glob Chang Biol 23:5249-5259 2017b. PENG, X. X.; GAI, S.; CHENG, K.; YANG, F. Roles of humic substances redox activity on environmental remediation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 129070. 2022. PENN, C. J.; CAMBERATO, J. J. A critical review on soil chemical processes that control how soil pH affects phosphorus availability to plants. Agriculture 9, 120. 2019. PEREIRA, A. C. C.; LIMA, E. S. A.; SANTOS, A. M.; AMARAL SOBRINHO, N. M. B. Análise e monitoramento de metais pesados no solo. Cap. 4 In: Valores orientadores de qualidade de solos no Espírito Santo. 2015. PERPETUO, E. A.; SOUZA, C. B.; NASCIMENTO, C. A. O. Engineering bacteria for biore- mediation. In: CARPI, A. (Ed.) Progress in Molecular and Environmental Bioengineering from Analysis and Modeling to Technology Applications. InTech Publishers, pp. 605-632. 2011. PERUCCI, P.; MONACI, E.; ONOFRI, A.; VISCHETTI, C.; CASUCCI, C. Changes in physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of soil following addition of wood ash: A field experiment. Eur. J. Agron., 28, 155-161. 2008. 133 PETERSEN, J. B.; NEVES, E.; HECKENBERGER, M. J. Gift from the past: Terra Preta and prehistoric Amerindian occupation in Amazonia. In: MCEWAN, C.; BARRETO, C.; NEVES, E. (Eds) Unknown Amazonia. British Museum Press, London, pp. 86-105. 2001. PICCOLO, A. The supramolecular structure of humic substances: a novel understanding of humus chemistry and implications in soil science. Advances in Agronomy, 75:57-134, 2002. 27 PICCOLO, A.; SPACCINI, R.; DE MARTINO, A.; SCOGNAMIGLIO, F.; DI MEO, V. Soil washing with solutions of humic substances from manure compost removes heavy metal contaminants as a function of humic molecular composition. Chemosphere, 225, 150-156. 2019. PIERZYNSKI, G. M.; MCDOWELL, R. W.; SIMS. J. T. Chemistry, cycling, and potential moment of inorganic phosphorus in soils. In: SIMS, J. T.; SHARPLEY, A. N. (Eds.) Phosphorus: Agriculture and the Environment. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, WI, pp. 53-86. 2005. PITMAN, R. M. Wood ash use in forestry - A review of the environmental impacts. Forestry, 79, 563-588. 2006. PITTARELLO, M. Dissolved humic substances supplied as potential enhancers of cu, cd, and pb adsorption by two different mangrove sediments. Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol.19, n.3, p.1554-1565, out. 2018. POKHREL, D.; VIRARAGHAVAN, T. Arsenic removal from an aqueous solution by amodified fungal biomass, Water Res. 40 549-552. 2006. PORTZ, A.; RESENDE, A. S.; TEIXEIRA, A. J; ABBOUD, A. C. S.; MARTINS, C. A. C.; CARVALHO, C. A. B.; LIMA, E.; ZONTA, E.; PEREIRA, J. B. A.; BALIEIRO, F. C.; ALMEIDA, J. C. C.; SOUZA, J. F.; GUERRA, J. G. M.; MACEDO, J. R.; SOUZA, J. N.; FREIRE, L. R.; VASCONCELOS, M. A. S.; LEAL, M. A. A.; FERREIRA, M. B. C.; MANHÃES, M.; GOUVEA, R. F.; BUSQUET, R. N. B.; BHERING, S. B. Recomendações de adubos, corretivos e de manejo da matéria orgânica para as principais culturas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. In: FREIRE, L. R.; BALIEIRO, F. C.; ZONTA, E.; ANJOS, L. H. C.; PEREIRA, M. G.; LIMA, E.; GUERRA, J. G. M.; FERREIRA, M. B. C.; LEAL, M. A. A.; CAMPOS, D. V. B.; POLIDORO, J. C. (Eds.), Manual de calagem e adubação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. 430 p. 2013. POURRUT, B.; SHAHID, M.; DUMAT, C.; WINTERTON, P; PINELLI, E. Lead Uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants. Reviews of Environ Contamin and Toxicol, United states, v. 213, p. 113-136, 2011. PRATT, J.; BOISSON A.-M.; GOUT, E.; BLIGNY, R.; DOUCE, R.; AUBERT, S. Phosphate (Pi) starvation effect on the cytosolic Pi concentration and Pi exchanges across the tonoplast in plant cells: an in vivo 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance study using methylphosphonate as a Pi analog. Plant Physiol. 151:1646-1657. 2009. PUNAMIYA, P.; DATTA, R.; SARKAR, D.; BARBER, S.; PATEL, M.; DAS, P. Symbiotic role of glomus mosseae in phytoextraction of lead in vetiver grass Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.). J Hazard Mater, Amsterdam, v. 177, n. 1-3, p. 465-474, 2010. QIU, Y.; CHENG, H.; XU, C.; SHENG, G. D. Surface characteristics of crop-residue-derived black carbon and lead (II) adsorption. Water Res. 42, 567-574. 2008. 134 RABOBANK. Fertilizer Outlook Post-Ukraine War: Volatility and Reconfiguration of Global Supply Chains. Utrecht: Rabobank Research. 2022. RADFORD, P. J. Growth analysis formulae. Crop Science, Madison, v.7, n.3, p.171-175, 1967. RAJENDRAN, S.; PRIYA, T. A. K.; KHOO, K. S.; HOANG, T. K.; N. G.; H. S.; MUNAWAROH, H. S. H.; SHOW, P. L. A critical review on various remediation approaches for heavy metal contaminants removal from contaminated soils. Chemosphere, 287, 132369. 2022. RANNO, S. K; SILVA, L. S. D.; GATIBONI, L. C.; RHODEN, A. C. Capacidade de adsorção de fósforo em solos de várzea do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 31, n. 1, p. 21-28, 2017. RAO, M. V., DAVIS, K. R. Ozone-induced cell death occurs via two distinct mechanisms in Arabidopsis: the role of salicylic acid. Plant J., 17(6):603-614. 1999. RASHID, M.; HUSSAIN, Q.; KHAN, K. S.; ALWABEL, M. I.; HAYAT, R.; AKMAL, M.; IJAZ, S. S.; ALVI, S. Carbon-based slow-release fertilizers for efficient nutrient management: synthesis, applications, and future research needs. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 21:1144-1169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00429-9 2021. RECOUS, S.; MARY, B.; FALLOT, M. Nitrogen mineralization from plant residues and organic amendments in soil: simulation using a simple dynamic model. Plant and Soil, Dordrecht, v. 181, p. 145-160, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011290. 1995. REIS JUNIOR, R. A; SILVA, D. R. G. Avaliação das características físicas e físico-químicas de fertilizantes nitrogenados e fosfatados revestidos por polímeros. 2012. RIBEIRO, E. S.; PEREIRA, M. P.; CASTRO, E. M.; BARONI, G. D. R.; CORRÊA, F. F.; PEREIRA, F. J. Relações da anatomia radicular na absorção, no acúmulo e na tolerância ao chumbo em Echinodorus grandiflorus. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, v. 19, n. 6, p. 605-612, 2015. RICHARDSON, A. E.; BAREA, J. M.; MCNEILL, A. M.; PRIGENT-COMBARET, C. Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganism. Plant Soil 321: 305-339. 2009. RISSE, M.; HARRIS, G. Biopower. In: BOUNDY, B.; DIEGEL, S. W.; WRIGHT, L.; DAVIS, S. C. (Eds.) Biomass Energy Data Book. Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Oak Ridge, TN, USA, 2011. RODELLA, A. A. Requisitos de qualidade dos fertilizantes minerais. Piracicaba: IPNI – International Plant Nutrition Institute, 2018. RODELLA, A. A.; ALCARDE, J. C.; DIAS, A. P. Requisitos de qualidade física e química de fertilizantes minerais. 2000. RODRIGUES, R. D. F. Influência das condições de processo na granulação de supersimples em tambor rotativo. Tese de Doutorado em Engenharia Química, UFU, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 2012. ROOMI, S.; MASI, A.; CONSELVAN, G. B.; TREVISAN, S.; QUAGGIOTTI, S.; PIVATO, M.; CARLETTI, P. Protein profiling of arabidopsis roots treated with humic substances: insights into the metabolic and interactome networks. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1812. 2018. 135 ROSE, D. A. The effect of long-continued organic manuring on some physical properties of soils. In: Advances in Soil Organic Matter Research: The Impact on Agriculture and the Environment. Woodhead Publishing Limited: Sawston, Cambridge, UK, pp. 197-205. 1991. ROSE, T. J.; LIU, L.; WISSUWA, M. Improving phosphorus efficiency in crop plants: Is breeding a viable strategy? Plant and Soil, 349(1-2), 169-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104- 011-0900-6 2011. ROSSA, Ü. B.; ANGELO, A. C.; NOGUEIRA, A. C.; REISSMANN, C. B.; GROSSI, F.; RAMOS, M. R. Fertilizante de liberação lenta no crescimento de mudas de Araucaria angustifolia e Ocotea odorifera. Revista Floresta, Curitiba, v. 41, n. 3, p. 491-500, DOI: 10.5380/rf.v41i3.24040 2011. ROUACHED, H.; ARPAT, A. B.; POIRIER, Y. Regulation of phosphate starvation responses in plants: signaling players and cross-talks. Mol Plant 3: 288-299. 2010. RUKSHANA, F.; BUTTERLY, C. R.; BALDOCK, J. A.; XU, J. M.; TANG, C. Model organic compounds differ in priming effects on alkalinity release in soils through carbon and nitrogen mineralisation. Soil Biol. Biochem., 51, 35-43. 2012. RUPPENTHAL, V.; CONTE, M. A. Efeito do composto de lixo urbano na nutrição e produção de gladíolo. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 29, n. 1, p.145-150, 2005. SAARSALMI, A.; SMOLANDER, A.; KUKKOLA, M.; MOILANEN, M.; SARAMAKI, J. 30-Year effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on soil chemical properties, soil microbial processes and stand growth in a Scots pine stand. For. Ecol. Manag., 278, 63-70. 2012. SABAH, N. U.; TAHIR, M. A.; SARWAR, G.; OLIVEIRA, M.; SOUZA, A.; MANZOOR, M. Z.; AFTAB, M. Biossolubilização de rocha fosfática usando aditivos orgânicos: uma abordagem inovadora para a produção sustentável de milho em Aridisols - Uma revisão. Sarhad J. Agric., 38, 617-625. 2022. SADAKA, S.; BOATENG, A. A. Pyrolysis and bio-oil. Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas, US Department of Agriculture and County Governments Cooperating, Arkansas, pp. 1-6. 2009. SAINI, I.; KAUSHIK, P.; AL-HUQAIL, A. A.; KHAN, F.; SIDDIQUI, M. H. Effect of the diverse combinations of useful microbes and chemical fertilizers on important traits of potato. Saudi J Biol Sci. 28(5): 2641-2648. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X2100140628. 2021. SALEHI, A.; MALEKI, M. Evaluation of soil physical and chemical properties in poplar plantations in North of Iran. Ecologia 4, 69-76. 2012. SALETNIK, B.; ZAGULA, G.; BAJCAR, M.; TARAPATSKYY, M.; BOBULA, G.; PUCHALSKI, C. Biochar as a mulfuncional component of the environment – a review. Appl. Sci., 9, 1139; doi:10.3390/app9061139. 2019. SANTALLA, M.; OMIL, B.; RODRIGUEZ-SOALLEIRO, R.; MERINO, A. Effectiveness of wood ash containing charcoal as a fertilizer for a forest plantation in a temperate region. Plant Soil, 346, 63-78. 2011. SANTOS, G. R.; LIMA, M. V.; CUNHA, M. C. Impactos ambientais da produção de fertilizantes fosfatados no Brasil. Revista Ambiente & Água, 15(3), e2475. https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2475 2020. 136 SANUSI, S.; CH’NG, H. Y.; OTHMAN, S. Effects of incubation period and Christmas Island rock phosphate with different rate of rice straw compost on phosphorus availability in acid soil. AIMS Agric. Food 3, 384-396. 2018. SÃO PAULO (Estado). SP Agro Sustentável: Programa Estadual de Incentivo à Agricultura Sustentável. São Paulo: Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento. 2024. SAVCI, Z. E.; DEVECI, M. The Effect of Different Organomineral and Mineral Fertilizer Applications on Some Physiological Properties in Spinach Growing. Proceedings... International Conference on Global Practice of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies-III. November 15-17, 2022, pp. 1022-1037. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. 2022. SAVY, D.; BROSTAUX, Y.; COZZOLINO, V.; DELAPLACE, P.; DU JARDIN, P.; PICCOLO, A. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Humic-Like Biostimulants Derived from Agro-Industrial Byproducts and Energy Crops. Front. Plant Sci. 11:581. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00581 2020. SCARSBROOK, C. E. Nitrogen availability. In: BARTHOLOMEW, W. V.; CLARK, F. E. (Eds.) Soil Nitrogen. Madison: ASA, Inc., Publ. Serie 10, cap. 13, pp. 481-502. 1965. SCHEEPERS, G.P.; DU TOIT, B. Potential use of wood ash in South African forestry: A review. South. For. A J. For. Sci., 78, 255-266. 2016. SCOPEL, I.; SILVA, J. M.; CAMARGO, M. R.; OLIVEIRA, M. C.; CARVALHO, J. R. Infiltração de água e potencial de uso de solos muito arenosos nos cerrados (savanas) do Brasil. Boletim Goiano de Geografia, Goiânia-GO, v. 33, n. 2, p. 203-219, maio 2013. SCOTT G. J. A review of root, tuber and banana crops in developing coun tries: past, present and future. Int J Food Sci 56(3):1093-1114. https://doi. org/10.1111/ijfs.14778 2021. SEBRAE. Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas. Tendências de consumo de hortaliças no Brasil – Relatório Técnico 2024. Disponível em: https://www.sebrae.com.br. Acesso em: mai. 2025. SEDIYAMA, T. Tecnologias de produção e usos da soja. Londrina: Macenas, 2009. 314p. SEREGIN, I. V.; SHPIGUN, L. K.; IVANOV, V. B. Distribution and toxic effects of cadmium and lead on maize roots. Russ J Plant Physiol, Moscow, v. 51, n. 4, p. 525-533, 2004. SHAABAN, M.; VAN ZWIETEN, L.; BASHIR, S.; YOUNAS, A.; NÚÑEZ-DELGADO, A.; CHHAJRO, M. A.; KUBAR, K. A.; ALI, U.; RANA, M. S.; MEHMOOD, M. A.; HU, R. A concise review of biochar application to agricultural soils to improve soil conditions and fight pollution. Journal of Environmental Management, 228(April), 429-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.006 2018. SHABALA, S. Regulation of potassium transport in leaves: from molecularto tissue level. Ann Bot. 95: 627-634. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcg191 PMID: 14500326 2003. SHAFIGH, M.; GHASEMI-FASAEI, R.; RONAGHI, A. Influence of plant growth regulators and humic acid on the phytoremediation of lead by maize in a Pb-polluted calcareous soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 62(12), 1733-1740. 2016. SHARPLEY, A. N.; DANIEL, T. C.; SIMS, J. T. Agricultural phosphorus and eutrophication (2nd ed.). United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service. 2016. 137 SHAVIV, A. Advances in controlled-release fertilizers. Advances in Agronomy. San Diego, v.71, n.5, p. 1-49, 2001. SHAVIV, A. Controlled release fertilizers. In: SHAVIV, A.; MIKKELSENM R. L. (Eds.) Controlled-release fertilizers to increase efficiency of nutriente use and minimize environmental degradation - A review (IFA International Workshop on Enhanced-efficiency Fertilizers, Frankfurt: IFA, 2005). Fertilizer Research, Holanda, v. 35, p. 1-12, 2005. SHEN, J.; GUO, M. J.; WANG, Y. G.; YUAN, X. Y.; WEN, Y. Y.; SONG, X. E.; GUO, P. Y. Humic acid improves the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of millet seedlings under drought stress. Plant Signaling; Behavior, 15(8), 1774212. 2020. SHEN, J.; YUAN, L.; ZHANG, J.; LI, H.; BAI, Z.; CHEN, X.; ZHANG, W.; ZHANG, F. Phosphorus Dynamics: From Soil to Plant. Plant Physiology. Vol. 156, pp. 997-1005. 2011. SHERENE, T. Mobility and Transport of Heavy Metals in Polluted Soil Environment. Biological Forum – An International Forum, 2(2):112-121. 2010. SHIN, H.; SHIN, H. S.; DEWBRE, G. R.; HARRISON, M. J. Phosphate transport in Arabidopsis: Pht1;1 and Pht1;4 plays a major role in phosphate acquisition from both low- and high-phosphate environments. Plant J 39: 629-642. 2004. SHINDO, H. Elementary composition, humus composition, and decomposition in soil of charred grassland plants. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 37:651-657. 1991. SHUI, Y. Azo-dye adsorption of active carbon, charcoal, modifed sludge. Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 2009. SILBER, A.; LEVKOVITCH I.; GRABER, E. R. pH-dependent mineral release and surface properties of cornstraw biochar: agronomic implications. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:9318- 9323. 2010. SILVA, C. A.; CERRI, C. E. P.; ANDRADE, C. A.; MARTIN-NETO, L.; BETTIOL, W. Matéria orgânica do solo: ciclo, compartimentos e funções. In: BETTIOL, W.; SILVA, C. A.; CERRI, C. E. P.; MARTIN-NETO, L.; ANDRADE, C. A. (Eds.) Entendendo a matéria orgânica do solo em ambientes tropical e subtropical. pp. 17-47. Brasília, DF: Embrapa. 2023. SILVA, C. A.; MENDONÇA, E. S. Matéria orgânica do solo. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2007. 212 p. SILVA, C. M. C. A. C.; BARBOSA, R. S.; NASCIMENTO, C. W. A.; SILVA, Y. J. A. B.; SILVA, Y. J. A. B. Geochemistry and Spatial Variability of Rare Earth Elements in Soils under Different Geological and Climate Patterns of the Brazilian Northeast. Rev Bras Cienc Solo. 2018. SILVA, E.; SANTOS, P. S.; GUILHERME, M. F. S. Chumbo nas plantas: uma breve revisão sobre seus efeitos, mecanismos toxicológicos e remediação. Agrarian Academy, Centro Científico Conhecer, v. 2, n. 03; p. 1, 2015. SILVA, I. R.; MENDONÇA, E. S. Matéria orgânica do solo. In: NOVAIS, R. F.; SMYTH, T. J.; NUNES, F. N. (Eds.). Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, pp. 275-374. 2007. SILVA, I. R. MENDONÇA, E. S. Matéria orgânica do solo. In: NOVAIS, R. F.; ALVAREZ, V. V. H.; BARROS, N. F.; FONTES, R. L. F.; CANTARUTTI, R. B.; NEVES, J. C. L. (Eds.) Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa, MG: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, p. 275-374. 2007. 138 SILVA, R. F.; PEREIRA, R. M.; SILVA, C. A.; ALMEIDA, M. C.; CUNHA, F. F.; SOUZA, R. R. Propriedades de fertilizantes organominerais em função da matéria-prima e proporções de composto e lodo de esgoto. Revista Ambiente & Água, Taubaté, v. 14, n. 3, p. 1-13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2282. 2019. SILVA, R. S.; MENDES, G. O.; SOARES, C. R. F. S. Aplicação de biochar e sua interação com microrganismos no solo agrícola: uma revisão. Cadernos de Ciência & Tecnologia, v. 39, n. 3, p. 737-759, Disponível em: https://www.embrapa.br/busca-de-publicacoes/- publicacao/1142589. 2022. SILVA, T. J.; HANSTED, F.; TONELLO, P. S.; GOVEIA, D. Fitorremediação de solos contaminados com metais: Panorama atual e perspectivas de uso de espécies florestais. Rev. Virtual Quim., Niteroi, v. 11, n. 1, p. 18-34, 2019. SINGH, A.; SINGH, A. P.; SINGH, S. K.; RAI, S.; KUMAR, D. Impact of Addition of Biochar Along with PGPR on Rice Yield, Availability of Nutrients and their Uptake in Alluvial Soil. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 10: 2181 2188. 2016. SINGH J, KUMAR P, SIDDIQUE A. Biochar-based organic amendments on soil health, nutrient status and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Plant Science Today. 11(1): 102- 108. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2706. 2024. SINGH, B. K.; PATHAK, K. A.; VERMA, A. K.; VERMA, V. K.; DEKA, B. C. Effects of vermi compost, fertilizer and mulch plant growth, nodulation and pod yield of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Veg. Crops Res. Bull. 74, 153-165. 2011. SISTLA, S. A.; SCHIMEL, J. P. Stoichiometric flexibility as a regu lator of carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems under change. New Phytol 196:68-78. 2012. SKOOG, D. A.; WEST, D. M.; HOLLER, F. J.; CROUCH, S. R. Fundamentos de Química Analítica. Tradução da 8a edição norte americana. Thomson. 1124 p. 2005. SMITH, J. L.; COLLINS, H. P.; BAILEY, V. L. The effect of young biochar on soil respiration. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 42, n. 12, p. 2345-2347, 2010. SOARES, M. R. Coeficiente de distribuição (KD) de metais pesados em solos do Estado de São Paulo. 2004. 202 f. Tese (Doutorado) – Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba. 2004. SOHI, S. P.; KRULL, E.; LOPEZ-CAPEL, E.; BOL, R. A review of biochar and its use and function in soil. Advances in Agronomy; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Volume 105, pp. 47-82. 2010. SOMBROEK, W.; KERN, D.; RODRIQUES, T. S.; CRAVO, M.; JARBAS, T. C.; WOODS, W.; GLASER, B. Terra Preta and Terra Mulata: pre-Columbian Amazon kitchen middens and agricultural fields, their sustainability and their replication. In: Proceedings of the 17th World Congress of Soil Science, Thailand, Paper no 1935. 2002. SONG, J.; KONG, Z. Q.; ZHANG, D. D.; CHEN, J. Y.; DAI, X. F.; LI, R. Rhizosphere mi- crobiomes of potato cultivated under Bacillus subtilis treatment influence the quality of potato tubers. Int J Mol Sci. 22(21): 12065. https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/1206529. 2021. SONG, J.; HUANG, B.; YUAN, Q.; LIU, X.; YANG, W. Suitable charcoal loadings improving heat-resistance and mechanical properties of epoxy resins composites. Trans Chin Soc Agric 139 Eng (Trans CSAE) 31(14):309-314. https://doi.org/10.11975/j.i ssn.1002-6819.2015.14.043 2015. SOUZA, D. M. G.; MIRANDA, L. N.; OLIVEIRA, S. A. Acidez do solo e sua correção. In: NOVAIS, R. F.; ALVAREZ V., V. H.; BARROS, N. F.; FONTES, R. L. F.; CANTARUTTI, R. B.; NEVES, J. C. L. Fertilidade do solo. Viçosa: SBCS, Cap. 5, p. 205-275. 2007. SOUZA, L. A.; ANDRADE, S. A. L.; SOUZA, S. C. R.; SCHIAVINATO, M. A. Tolerância e potencial fitorremediador de Stizolobium aterrimum associada ao fungo micorrízico arbuscular Glomus etunicatum em solo contaminado por chumbo. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 35, n. 4, p. 1441-1451, 2011. SOUZA, L. A.; CAMARGOS, L S.; CARVALHO, M. E. A. Toxic metal phytoremediation using high biomass non-hyperaccumulator crops: New possibilities for bioenergy resources. Phytoremediation: Methods, Manag and Assess. [S. l.: s. n.], Cap. 1. 2018. SPARKS, D. L. Environmental soil chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press, 2003. 352 p. SPERATTI, A. B; JOHNSON, M. S.; SOUSA, H. M.; DALMAGRO, H. J.; COUTO, E. G. Biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature effects on leachate: DOC characteristics and nitrate losses from a Brazilian Cerrado Arenosol mixed with agricultural waste biochars. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 211, p. 256-268, 2018. SPOKAS, K. A.; BAKER, J. M.; REICOSKY, D. C. Ethylene: Potential key for biochar amendment impacts. Plant Soil 2010, 333, 443-452. STEFANOVIC A.; RIBOT C.; ROUACHED, H.; WANG, Y.; CHONG, J.; BELBAHRI, L.; DELESSERT, S.; POIRIER, Y. Members of the PHO1 gene family show limited functional redundancy in phosphate transfer to the shoot, and are regulated by phosphate deficiency via distinct pathways. Plant J 50: 982-994. 2007. STEINBEISS, S.; GLEIXNER, G.; ANTONIETTI, M. Effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon balance and soil microbial activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, v. 41, n. 6, p. 1301- 1310, 2009. STEVENSON, F. J. Humus chemistry: genesis, composition, reactions. 2. ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 512 p. 1994. SUN, X.; HAN, X. G.; PING, F.; ZHANG, L.; ZHANG, K. S.; CHEN, M.; WU, W. X. Efect of rice straw biochar on nitrous oxide emissions from paddy soils under elevated CO2 and temperature. Sci Total Environ 628:629-1009. 2018. SÜZER, S.; ÇULHACI, E. Effects of Different Organomineral and Inorganic Compound Fertilizers on Seed Yield and some Yield Components of Winter Bread Wheat. Agricultural Research Institute. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 5(2): 87-92. 2017. SWIFT, R. Organic matter characterization. Soils Science Society of America, Bock Ser. 5, SSSA, Madison, WI. p. 1011-1069. 1996. SWIFT, R. S. Organic matter characterization. In: SPARKS, D. (Ed.) Methods of soil analysis: Chemical methods. Soil Science Society America. Part 3. p. 1018-1020. (Soil Science Society of America, Series, 5). 1996. TAIZ, L.; ZEIGER, E. Fisiologia Vegetal. 6. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2017. 140 TAN, B.; TAN, X.; LIU, C.; ZENG, Y.; LI, Y. Effects of lead stress on rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and metabolism in the rhizosphere microenvironment: the role of eicosanoid compounds. Plant Growth Regulation, 96(3), 483-495. 2022. TAVARES, O. C. H.; SANTOS, L. A.; FERREIRA, L. M.; SPERANDIO, M. V. L.; ROCHA, J. G.; GARCÍA, A. C.; FERNANDES, M. S. Humic acid differentially improves nitrate kinetics under low‐and high‐affinity systems and alters the expression of plasma membrane H+ ‐ ATPases and nitrate transporters in rice. Annals of Applied Biology, 170(1), 89-103. 2017. TAVARES, O. C. H.; SANTOS, L. A.; FERREIRA FILHO, D.; FERREIRA, L. M.; GARCÍA, A. C.; CASTRO, T. A. V. T; ZONTA, E.; PEREIRA, M. G.; FERNADES, M. S. Response surface modeling of humic acid stimulation of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) root system, Arch. of Agronomy and Soil Science. doi: 10.1080/03650340.2020.1775199. 2020. TAVARES, O. C. H. Efeito dos ácidos húmicos sobre as H+ -ATPASE, transportadores de N-NO3 - e N-NH4 + , e sobre o crescimento em arroz. 118 p. Tese (Doutorado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2014. TEIXEIRA, W. G; SOUSA, R. T. X., KORNDÖRFER, G. H. Resposta da cana-de-açúcar a doses de fósforo fornecidas por fertilizante organomineral. Bioscience Journal, v. 30, n. 6, p. 1729-1736, 2014. TENENBAUM, D. Biochar: carbon mitigation from the ground up. Environ Health Perspect 117(2):70-73 2009. TERÁ AMBIENTAL - A importância dos fertilizantes orgânicos no Plano Nacional de Fertilizantes | MAIS SOJA - Pensou Soja, Pensou Mais Soja. Acesso em: 22 jun. 2022. TESTER, C. F. Organic amendment effects on physical and chemical properties of a sandy soil. J Soil Sci. Society OfAmer. 54(3):827-831.doi: 10.2136/sssaj1990.03615995005400030035x. 1990. THIES, J. E.; RILLIG, M. C. Characteristics of biochar and its potential effects on soil properties and climate change. Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 73, n. 5, p. 1271– 1280. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2008.0167. 2009. THUY THU DOAN, T. T. D.; HENRY-DES-TUREAUX, T.; RUMPEL, C.; JANEAU, J. L.; JOUQUET, P. Impacto do composto, vermicomposto e biochar na fertilidade do solo, rendimento do milho e erosão do solo no norte do Vietnã: um experimento de mesocosmo de três anos. Sci. Ambiente Total., 514, 147-154. 2015. TISDALE, S.; NELSON, W. L; BEATON, J. D. HAVLIN, J. H. Soil fertility and fertilizers. New York, Macmillan Publishing Company. 634p. 1993. TOMATI, U.; GRAPPELLI, A.; GALLI, E. The hormone-like effect of earthworm casts on plant growth. Biol. Fertil. Soils 5, 288-294. 1988. TONNE, C., ADAIR, L., ADLAKHA, D., ANGUELOVSKI, I., BELESOVA, K., BERGER, M., BRELSFORD, C., DADVAND, P., DIMITROVA, A., GILES-CORTI, B., HEINZ, A., MEHRAN, N., NIEUWENHUIJSEN, M., PELLETIER, F., RANZANI, O., RODENSTEIN, M., RYBSKI, D., SAMAVATI, S., SATTERTHWAITE, D., ADLI, M. Defining pathways to healthy sustainable urban development. Environment International, 146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106236 2021. TOOR, G. S.; SIMS, J. T. Managing Phosphorus Leaching in Mid-Atlantic Soils: Importance of Legacy Sources. Advancing Critical Zone Science. pp. 1-12, 2015. 141 TREGUBOVA, P. N., KOPTSIK, G. N., STEPANOV, A. A., SMIRNOVA, I. E., KADULIN, M. S., TURBAEVSKAYA, V. V., ZAKHARENKO, A. I. Application of humic substances in the remediation of heavy-metal-polluted soils of the subarctic zone of the kola peninsula. Moscow University soil science bulletin, 72(5), 207-214. 2017. TRENKEL, M. E. Slow and Controlled Release and Stabilized Fertilizers: An option for enhancing nutriente use efficiency in agriculture. Paris: International Fertilizer Industry Association, 2010. TRYON, E. H. Effect of charcoal on certain physical, chemical, and biological properties of forest soils. Ecol. Monogr., 18, 81–115. 1948. UCHIMIYA, M.; WARTELLE, L. H.; KLASSON, K. T.; FORTIER, C. A.; LIMA, I. M. Influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar property and function as a heavy metal sorbent in soil. J. Agric. Food Chem., 59, 2501-2510. 2011. UNGERA, P. W.; STEWARTA, B. A.; PARRB, J. F.; SINGHC, R. P. Crop residue management and tillage methods for conserving soil and water in semi-arid regions. Soil & Tillage Research, v. 20, p. 219-240, 1991. UZOMA, K. C.; INOUE, M.; ANDRY, H.; FUJIMAKI, H.; ZAHOOR, A.; NISHIHARA, E. Effect of cow manure biochar on maize productivity under sandy soil condition. Soil Use Manag., 27, 205-212. 2011. VALDERRAMA, M.; BUZETTI, S. Fertilizantes de eficiência aprimorada. Jaboticabal: Funep, 2017. VAN KAUWENBERGH, S. J. World phosphate rock reserves and resources. IFDC – International Fertilizer Development Center Technical Bulletin. Muscle Shoals, AL: IFDC. 2010. VAN TOL DE CASTRO, T. A.; GARCÍA, A. C.; TAVARES, O. C. H.; PEREIRA, E. G.; SOUZA, C. D. C. B.; TORCHIA, D. F. D. O.; CASTRO, R. N. Humic acids affect photosynthetic quantum efficiency in rice under water deficit. Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, 1-21. 2022. VAN ZWIETEN, L.; SINGH, B. P.; KIMBER, S. W. L.; MURPHY, D. V.; MACDONALD, L. M.; RUST, J.; MORRIS, S. An incubation study investigating the mechanisms that impact N2O flux from soil following biochar application. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 191, p. 53-62, 2014. VARGAS, C.; PÉREZ-ESTEBAN, J.; ESCOLÁSTICO, C.; MASAGUER, A.; MOLINER, A. Phytoremediation of Cu and Zn by vetiver grass in mine soils amended with humic acids. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 13521-13530. 2016. VASCONCELLOS, M. C.; PAGLIUSO, D.; SOTOMAIOR, V. S. Fitorremediação: Uma proposta de descontaminação do solo. Estudos de Biologia Ambiente Diversos. Revista da Universidade Católica de Petrópolis, Petrópolis, v. 34, n. 83. p. 261-267, 2012. VERMA, S. L.; MARSCHNER, P. Compost effects on microbial biomass and soil P pools as affected by particle size and soil properties. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 13, 313-328. 2013. VERSAW, W. K.; HARRISON, M. J. A chloroplast phosphate transporter, PHT2;1, influences allocation of phosphate within the plant and phosphate-starvation responses. Plant Cell 14: 1751–1766. 2002. 142 VITOUSEK, P. M.; PORDER, S.; HOULTON, B. Z.; CHADWICK, O. A. Terrestrial phosphorus limitation: mechanisms, implications, and nitrogen-phosphorus interactions. Ecol Appl 20:5-15. 2010. VOGEL, A. I. Química Analítica Qualitativa. 5 ed. São Paulo: Mestre Jou. 1981. VON WANDRUSZKA, R. Phosphorus retention in calcareous soils and the effect of organic matter on its mobility. Geochem. Trans., 7, 1-8. 2006. VURAL, H.; EŞIYOK, D.; DUMAN, I. Cultured Vegetables (Vegetable Cultivation). Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Bornova-İzmir, 440. 2000. WAHID, F.; FAHAD, S.; DANISH, S.; ADNAN, M.; YUE, Z.; SAUD, S.; SIDDIQUI, M. H.; BRTNICKY, M.; HAMMERSCHMIEDT, T.; DATTA, R. Sustainable management with mycorrhizae and Phosphate solubilizing bacteria for enhanced Phosphorus uptake in calcareous soils. Agriculture, 10, 334. 2020. WANG, B. L.; TANG, X. Y.; CHENG, L. Y.; ZHANG, A. Z.; ZHANG, W. H.; ZHANG, F. S.; LIU, J. Q.; CAO, Y.; ALLAN, D. L.; VANCE, C. P. Nitric oxide is involved in phosphorus deficiency-induced cluster-root development and citrate exudation in white lupin. New Phytol 187: 1112-1123. 2010. WANG, C.; LIU, J.; SHEN, J.; CHEN, D.; LI, Y.; JIANG, B. Effects of biochar amendment on net greenhouse gas emissions and soil fertility in a double rice cropping system: A 4-year field experiment. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 262: 83-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.017. 2018. WANG, C.; GU, X.; WANG, X.; GUO, H.; GENG, J.; YU, H.; SUN, J. Stress response and potential biomarkers in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) seedlings exposed to soil lead. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, v. 74, n. 1, p. 41-47, 2011. WANG, C.; LIU, J.; SHEN, J.; CHEN, D.; LI, Y.; JIANG, B.; WU, J. Effects of biochar amendment on net greenhouse gas emissions and soil fertility in a double rice cropping system: A 4-year fi eld experiment. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 262, n. November 2017, p. 83-96, 2018. WANG, J.; XIONG, Z.; KUZYAKOV, Y. Biochar stability in soil: meta‐analysis of decomposition and priming effects. Global Change Biology and Bioenergy, v. 8, p. 512-523, 2016. WANG, L. Z.; HE, Q. W. Chinese Radish. Scientific and Technical Documents Publishing House, Beijing in Chinese, 292-370. 2005. WANG, X. X.; ZHAO, F.; ZHANG, G.; ZHANG, Y.; YANG, L. O vermicomposto melhora a produtividade e a qualidade do tomate e as propriedades bioquímicas de solos com diferentes históricos de plantio de tomate em um estudo em casa de vegetação. Frente. Planta Sci. 2017, 8, 1978. WANG, Y.; LI, X.; ZHANG, J.; WANG, H.; LI, F.; LIU, S.; ZHANG, Y.; ZHANG, X.; WANG, J. Improving nutrient use efficiency through characterization and optimization of organomineral fertilizers. Agronomy Journal, v. 114, p. 1-13, 2022. WEN, J., XING, L., WANG, Y., ZENG, G. Chemical and microbiological responses of heavy metal contaminated sediment subject to washing using humic substances. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(26), 26696-26705. 2019. 143 WERLE, R.; GARCIA, R. A.; ROSOLEM, C. A. Lixiviação de potássio em função da textura e da disponibilidade do nutriente no solo. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, v. 32, n. 6, 2297 - 2305, 2008. WHALEN, J. K.; SAMPEDRO, L. Soil Ecology and Management. CABI: Wallingford, Oxford, UK, 2010. WILKINSON, S.; DAVIES, W. J. ABA-basedchemical signalling: the co-ordination of responses to stress in plants. Plant Cell Environ. 25: 195-210. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0016- 8025.2001.00824.x PMID: 11841663. 2002. WISSUWA, M.; MAZZOLA, M.; PICARD C. Novel approaches plant breeding for rhizosphere-related traits. Plant Soil 321: 409-430. 2009. WITHERS, P. J. A.; ELSER, J.; HILTON, J. Recovery and recycling of phosphorus: The future path of phosphorus sustainability. Chemosphere, 84(6), 747-758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.036 2015. WOOLF, D. Biochar as a Soil Amendment: A Review of the Environmental Implications. Online:orgprints.org/id/eprint/13268/1/Biochar_as_a_soil_amendment_a_review.pdf. Acesso em: 05 de fevereiro de 2023. WORLD BANK. Commodity Markets Outlook – Fertilizers. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/research/commodity-markets 2023. WU, P.; SINGH, B. P.; WANG, H.; JIA, Z.; WANG, Y.; CHEN, W. Bibliometric analysis of biochar research in 2021: a critical review for development, hot spots and trend directions. Biochar 5(1):6. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s42773-023-00204-2 2023. XÁ, F.; WU, W. Estratégias de manejo do solo e das culturas para garantir maior produtividade das culturas em ambientes sustentáveis. Sustentabilidade, 11(5), 1485. 2019. doi:10.3390/su11051485 2019. XU, G.; SUN, J.; SHAO, H.; CHANG, S. X. Biochar had effects on phosphorus sorption and desorption in three soils with differing acidity. Ecol. Eng., 62, 54-60. 2014. XU, Q.; DUAN, D.; CAI, Q.; SHI, J. Influence of humic acid on Pb uptake and accumulation in tea plants. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 66(46), 12327-12334. 2018. YADAV, S.; SONKAR, V.; MALYAN, S. K. Estratégias de sequestro de caborno no solo: aplicação de biochar uma opção para combater o aquecimento global. In: PANDEY, V. C. (Ed.) Remediação de terrenos bioinspirados. Remediação e gerenciamento de contaminação ambiental. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04931-6_14 2023. YANG, N.; HU, D.; CAO, B.; CHEN, Y.; LI, D.; CHEN D. Preparation of three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon microspheres for use as a cathode material in lithium - air batteries. New Carbon Mater 32(06):564-571. 2017. YANG, X.; LU, K.; MCGROUTHER, K.; CHE, L.; HU, G.; WANG, Q.; LIU, X.; SHEN, L.; HUANG, H. Bioavailability of Cd and Zn in soils treated with biochars derived from tobacco stalk and dead pigs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-015-1326-9 2015. YANG, X.; ZHANG, S.; TIAN, Y.; GUO, W.; WANG, J. The influence of humic acids on the accumulation of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in tobacco leaves grown in different soils. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 13(1), 43-53. 2013. 144 YANG, X.; WANG, D.; LAN, Y.; MENG, J.; JIANG, L.; SUN, G.; CAO, D.; SUN, Y.; CHEN, W. Labile organic carbon fractions and carbon pool management index in a 3-year field study with biochar amendment. Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 18, n. 4, p. 1569-1578, 2018. YEOMANS, J.C. & BREMNER, J.M. A rapid and precise method for routine determination of organic carbon in soil. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 19:1467-1476, 1988. YOU, Z. On the legend of the ancient Mawangdui corpse and the continuation of the key preservation techniques. Hunan Provincial Museum, Hunan, pp 91-96. 2012. YOUNG, A. The farmer’s calendar. Richard Philips, London. In: CHEN, W.; MENG, J.; HAN, X.; XU, S.; HUANG, Q.; XU, F.; ZHANG, C.; CHEN, B. Passado, presente e futuro do biochar. Biochar 1, 75-87. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-019-00008-3 2019. YOUNISU, D.; SHAHMHR, M. Nutrient shifts modelingin Spinacea oleracea L. and Trigonella corniculata L. in contaminated soil amended with biochar. Int J Biosci. 5: 89-98. https://doi. org/10.12692/ijb/5.9.89-98. 2014. YU, B.; XU, C. C.; BENNING, C. Arabidopsis disrupted in SQD2 encoding sulfolipid synthase is impaired in phosphate-limited growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 5732-5737. 2002. YUAN, J.; XU, R.; QIAN, W.; WANG, R. Comparison of the ameliorating effects on an acidic ultisol between four crop straws and their biochars. Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 11, n. 5, p. 741-750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0365-0 2011c. YUAN, J. H.; XU, R. K.; ZHANG, H. The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at diferent temperature. Biores Technol 102:3488-3497. 2011. YUSHENG, Q.; SHIHUA, T.; WENQIANG, F.; XIFA, S.; VE QINGRUI, C. Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yields and Nitrate Accumulation of Vegetables. Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan AAS, Plant Nutrition and Fertitizer Science, 11(5): 670-674. 2005. ZHANG, F.; SHEN, J.; ZHANG, J.; ZUO, Y.; LI, L.; CHEN, X. Rhizosphere processes and management for improving nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity: implications for China. Adv Agron 107: 1-32. 2010. ZHANG, G.; GUO, X.; ZHU, Y.; LIU, X.; HAN, Z.; SUN, K.; JI, L.; HE, G.; HAN, L. The effects of different biochars on microbial quantity, microbial community shift, enzyme activity, and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. Geoderma, v. 328, n. December 2017, pp. 100-108. 2018a. ZHANG, M.; LIU, Y.; WEI, Q.; LIU, L.; GU, X.; GOU, J.; WANG, M. Efeitos do biochar e do vermicomposto no crescimento e nos benefícios econômicos do cultivo contínuo de pimenta na região de solo amarelo cárstico no sudoeste da China. Frente. Planta Sci., 14, 1238663. 2023. ZHANG, Y.; LIU, Y.; ZHANG, G.; GUO, X.; SUN, Z.; LI, T. The Effects of rice straw and biochar applications on the microbial community in a soil with a history of continuous tomato planting history. Agronomy, v. 8, p. 65-77, 2018b. ZHANG, Z.; WANG, Y.; LIU, L.; XU, Y.; ZHOU, Y.; ZHANG, J. Binding mechanism between fulvic acid and heavy metals: Integrated interpretation of binding experiments, fraction characterizations, and models. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 231, n. 4, p. 1-12, 2020. ZHAO, S. X.; TA, N.; WANG, X. D. Effect of temperature on the structural and physicochemical Properties of biochar with apple tree branches as feedstock material. Energies 10: 1293. https://doi.org/10. 3390/en10091293 2017. 145 ZHAO, B.; OCONNOR, D.; ZHANG, J. L.; PENG, T. Y.; SHEN, Z. T.; TSANG, D. C. W.; HOU, D. Efect of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, and residence time on rapeseed stem derived biochar. J Clean 174:977-987. 2018. ZHOU, Z.; ZHAO, Y.; SHI, H.; ZHAO, S.; JIANG, X.; LI, Y.; XU, J.; CHEN, Y.; LIU, Y. Biodegradation of a biochar-modified waterborne polyacrylate membrane coating for controlled-release fertilizer and its effects on soil bacterial community profiles. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, v. 22, p. 8672-8682, 2015. ZINN, Y. L.; CAMARGO, F. A. O.; RESCK, D. V. S.; NAKAGAWA, J. Texture and organic carbon relations described by a profile pedotransfer function for Brazilian Cerrado soils. Geoderma, v. 127, pp. 168-173, 2005. ZULFIQAR, U.; FAROOQ, M.; HUSSAIN, S.; MAQSOOD, M.; HUSSAIN, M.; ISHFAQ, M.; ANJUM, M. Z. Lead toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation. Journal of Environmental Management, 250, 109557. 2019. | pt_BR |
| dc.subject.cnpq | Agronomia | pt_BR |
| Aparece en las colecciones: | Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo | |
Se for cadastrado no RIMA, poderá receber informações por email.
Se ainda não tem uma conta, cadastre-se aqui!
Ficheros en este ítem:
| Fichero | Descripción | Tamaño | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 - Hellen Fernanda Oliveira da Silva.pdf | 8,32 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |
Los ítems de DSpace están protegidos por copyright, con todos los derechos reservados, a menos que se indique lo contrario.