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dc.contributor.authorMachado, Natália Pereira de Oliveira-
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-07T16:26:11Z-
dc.date.available2026-10-07T16:26:11Z-
dc.date.issued2026-06-30-
dc.identifier.citationMACHADO, Natália Pereira de Oliveira. Fatores de virulência e resistência antimicrobiana em Pseudomonas spp. sob uma perspectiva de saúde única. 2026. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2026.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26540-
dc.description.abstractO gênero Pseudomonas spp. abrange bactérias Gram-negativas, ubíquas, reconhecidas por sua alta plasticidade genética e por acumular genes inerentes e/ou adquiridos associados à virulência e à resistência antimicrobiana (RAM), os quais são essenciais para sua colonização e persistência em diferentes ambientes, como o solo, água, animais e seres humanos. A circulação dessas bactérias entre diferentes nichos ecológicos favorece a disseminação da resistência por transferência horizontal de genes (THG) que, por consequência, torna esse gênero um excelente modelo de estudos de adaptação microbiana e RAM em diferentes nichos ambientais e humanos. Dessa forma, para o Capítulo I, foram selecionadas 53 cepas de Pseudomonas spp., dentre as quais 38 foram isoladas de solos agrícolas e 2 de mata nativa em São José do Vale do Rio Preto, Rio de Janeiro, 13 foram oriundas de solos salinos de Guaratiba, região dos Lagos/RJ. Dentre as cepas analisadas, 89% dessas bactérias apresentaram pelo menos um fator de virulência, com predominância das atividades lipolítica (47%), proteolítica (45%) e hemolítica (32%). Em relação a resistência a antimicrobianos, 53% apresentaram resistência a pelo menos um antimicrobiano, com destaque para aztreonam (36%), ciprofloxacino (23%) e meropenem (19%), sendo observada multirresistência em cepas de solos agrícolas. A resistência à colistina foi confirmada em 19% das cepas. Foi verificado que as dez cepas positivas para resistência a colistina nos testes COL-AS e COL-DT mostraram concordância categórica de 100% (10/10) com o teste de microdiluição em caldo. Três cepas (SI276, SI277, SI283) apresentação concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) maior que 512 mg/L, ultrapassando o limite de detecção do método e superando em mais de 100 vezes o ponto de corte clínico (>4mg/L). No Capítulo II, foi realizada uma análise in silico com 1955 genomas de Pseudomonas spp. provenientes de origens humana, animal, solo e água. Os genomas de origem humana e animal apresentaram maior abundância e diversidade de genes de resistência antimicrobiana e fatores de virulência quando comparados aos de origem ambiental. Foram identificados 249 genes de virulência distintos, sendo fliG e flgG os mais prevalentes (99,4%), enquanto os genes de resistência adquirida mais frequentes foram vanW (67%), blaOXA (64%) e aph(3') (63,5%). Foi observada correlação positiva significativa entre o número de genes de resistência e fatores de virulência (ρ = 0,67; p = 3,45 × 10−254). Em conjunto, os resultados demonstram que Pseudomonas spp. presentes em diferentes ambientes constituem importantes reservatórios de genes de resistência antimicrobiana e fatores de virulência. Dessa forma, de acordo com os dados fenotípicos e da análise in silico, os ambientes naturais e antropizados podem atuar como fontes de manutenção e disseminação desses mecanismos de defesa bacteriano. Portanto, faz-se necessário uma vigilância contínua e abordagens integradas baseadas no conceito One Health para o monitoramento e controle da circulação de microrganismos patogênicos e da resistência antimicrobianapt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqpt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FAPERJpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectAntibióticopt_BR
dc.subjectAgropecuáriapt_BR
dc.subjectColistinapt_BR
dc.subjectSolopt_BR
dc.subjectAntibioticspt_BR
dc.subjectAgriculturept_BR
dc.subjectColistinpt_BR
dc.subjectSoilpt_BR
dc.titleFatores de virulência e resistência antimicrobiana em Pseudomonas spp. sob uma perspectiva de saúde únicapt_BR
dc.title.alternativeVirulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas spp. a One Health perspectiveen
dc.typeDissertaçãopt_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherBacteria of the genus Pseudomonas comprises ubiquitous Gram-negative recognized for their high genetic plasticity and ability to accumulate both intrinsic and acquired genes associated with virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). These characteristics play a crucial role in bacterial colonization and persistence across diverse environments, including soil, water, animals, and humans. The existence of Pseudomonas among different ecological niches facilitates the dissemination of such genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), making Pseudomonas an excellent model for investigating microbial adaptation and AMR dynamics across environmental and human-associated settings. In Chapter I, 53 Pseudomonas spp. isolates were analyzed, including 38 strains recovered from agricultural soils and 2 native forest soils in São José do Vale do Rio Preto, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as well as 13 isolates obtained from saline soils collected in Guaratiba and the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro State. Among these isolates, 53% exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, with the highest resistance rates observed for aztreonam (36%), ciprofloxacin (23%), and meropenem (19%). Multidrug resistance was detected among isolates from agricultural soils. Colistin resistance was confirmed in 19% of the isolates. The ten strains classified as resistant by both alternative methods (COL-AS and COL-DT) showed 100% categorical agreement (10/10) with the broth microdilution method (BMD), considered the gold standard. Furthermore, three isolates (SI276, SI277, and SI283) exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values exceeding the upper limit of the assay (>512 mg/L), which is remarkably high compared with the clinical resistance breakpoint (>4 mg/L). In addition, 89% of the isolates expressed at least one virulence-associated phenotype, with lipolytic (47%), proteolytic (45%), and hemolytic (32%) activities being the most prevalent. In Chapter II, an in silico analysis was conducted using 1,955 Pseudomonas genomes obtained from human, animal, soil, and water sources. Genomes of human and animal origin displayed greater abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors than those derived from environmental sources. A total of 249 distinct virulence genes were identified, with fliG and flgG being the most prevalent (99.4%). The most frequent acquired resistance genes were vanW (67%), blaOXA (64%) and aph(3') (63.5%). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between the number of resistance genes and virulence factors (ρ = 0.67; p = 3.45 × 10−254). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Pseudomonas spp. inhabiting different environments constitute important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence determinants and are capable of expressing phenotypes consistent with these genetic traits. Based on both phenotypic and in silico analyses, natural and anthropogenically impacted environments may act as sources for the maintenance and dissemination of bacterial defense mechanisms. Therefore, continuous surveillance and integrated approaches based on the One Health framework are essential for monitoring and controlling the circulation of pathogenic microorganisms and antimicrobial resistanceen
dc.contributor.advisor1Coelho, Irene da Silva-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-2529pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2191695584157582pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Souza, Miliane Moreira Soares de-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-9322pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0865211214618618pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Coelho, Irene da Silva-
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-2529pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2191695584157582pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Correa, Sulamita Santos-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7352-7776pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0720449837979955pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Coelho, Shana de Mattos de Oliveira-
dc.contributor.referee3IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-5735pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3212438357088121pt_BR
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-8751-0632pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9379093546307412pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solopt_BR
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