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dc.contributor.authorNascimento, Paloma Mathias do-
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-23T12:47:27Z-
dc.date.available2026-10-23T12:47:27Z-
dc.date.issued2026-03-02-
dc.identifier.citationNASCIMENTO, Paloma Mathias. Influência de fitoativos no ciclo de vida de Caenorhabditis elegans e Haemonchus contortus: uma estratégia na procura de novos anti-helmínticos. 2026. 138 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2026.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26758-
dc.description.abstractA resistência crescente de helmintos a anti-helmínticos convencionais representa um desafio crítico para a saúde animal e a sustentabilidade da produção pecuária. Esta tese teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade de óleos essenciais (OEs) de Origanum vulgare (orégano) e Cinnamomum cassia (canela), bem como de seus principais componentes, carvacrol e cinamaldeído, como alternativas no controle de helmintos. Para isso, utilizou-se Caenorhabditis elegans como modelo experimental para triagem inicial, examinando a atividade dos OEs e das substâncias isoladas em diferentes estágios do ciclo de vida do parasito. Os objetivos incluíram: (i) determinar a atividade letal adulticida e inibitória ovicida; (ii) avaliar a eficácia frente a cepas resistentes às principais classes de anti-helmínticos; (iii) investigar sinergia entre carvacrol e cinamaldeído; (iv) desenvolver formulações; e (v) comparar os efeitos em Haemonchus contortus, importante nematoide gastrintestinal de ruminantes. Os resultados demonstraram atividade anti-helmíntica significativa para ambos os OEs. O OE de orégano apresentou elevada potência adulticida contra a cepa selvagem de C. elegans (CL50 = 1,03 μg.mL-1 ), superior ao carvacrol isolado (CL50 = 6,81 μg.mL-1 ), sugerindo sinergia entre os constituintes do óleo. Para ovos, o carvacrol foi o principal responsável pela atividade ovicida. O OE de canela mostrou atividade adulticida semelhante ao cinamaldeído isolado (CL50 ≈ 50 μg.mL-1 ), mas o cinamaldeído destacou-se como potente ovicida (CL50 = 3,08 μg.mL-1 ). Ambos os OEs induziram alterações morfológicas severas nos nematoides. Em cepas resistentes de C. elegans, a eficácia adulticida do OE de orégano foi reduzida, enquanto o OE de C. cassia manteve sua atividade, sugerindo mecanismos distintos e potencial para uso frente a parasitas resistentes. A análise de sinergia indicou efeito predominantemente aditivo ou moderado em adultos e aditivo a ligeiramente antagonista em ovos, não configurando sinergia abrangente. Formulações tipo beads, desenvolvidas por gelificação iônica e com sulfato de cálcio, mostraram boa incorporação das substâncias ativas. Testes em Haemonchus contortus confirmaram a atividade dos OEs, com destaque para o efeito ovicida do OE de C. cassia. Em conclusão, os OEs de O. vulgare e C. cassia, assim como carvacrol e cinamaldeído, demonstraram perfis complementares e promissores como candidatos a novos agentes anti-helmínticos. O OE de O. vulgare tem maior atividade em adultos, possivelmente devido à sinergia interna, enquanto o cinamaldeído apresenta forte ação ovicida, inclusive em cepas resistentes. Estes resultados fornecem base para estudos in vivo, otimização de formulações e desenvolvimento de estratégias combinatórias com anti-helmínticos convencionais.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectantiparasitáriopt_BR
dc.subjectóleos essenciaispt_BR
dc.subjectsinergiapt_BR
dc.subjectnematoidespt_BR
dc.subjectantiparasiticpt_BR
dc.subjectessential oilspt_BR
dc.subjectsynergypt_BR
dc.subjectnematodespt_BR
dc.titleInfluência de fitoativos no ciclo de vida de Caenorhabditis elegans e Haemonchus contortus: uma estratégia na procura de novos anti-helmínticospt_BR
dc.title.alternativeInfluence of phytoactives on the life cycle of Caenorhabditis elegans and Haemonchus contortus: a strategy in the search for new anthelminticsen
dc.typeTesept_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherThe growing resistance of helminths to conventional anthelmintics represents a critical challenge for animal health and the sustainability of livestock production. This thesis aimed to evaluate the activity of essential oils (EOs) from Origanum vulgare (oregano) and Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), as well as their main components, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde, as alternative agents for helminth control. For this purpose, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an experimental model for initial screening, examining the activity of the EOs and isolated compounds at different stages of the parasite life cycle. The objectives included: (i) determining adulticidal lethal activity and ovicidal inhibitory activity; (ii) assessing efficacy against strains resistant to the main classes of anthelmintics; (iii) investigating synergy between carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde; (iv) developing formulations; and (v) comparing the effects in Haemonchus contortus, an important gastrointestinal nematode of ruminants. The results demonstrated significant anthelmintic activity for both EOs. O. vulgare EO showed high adulticidal potency against the wild-type strain of C. elegans (LC50 = 1.03 μg.mL-1 ), greater than that of isolated carvacrol (LC50 = 6.81 μg.mL-1 ), suggesting synergy among the oil constituents. For eggs, carvacrol was primarily responsible for ovicidal activity. C. cassia EO showed adulticidal activity similar to isolated cinnamaldehyde (LC50 ≈ 50 μg.mL- 1 ), while cinnamaldehyde stood out as a potent ovicidal agent (LC50 = 3.08 μg.mL-1 ). Both EOs induced severe morphological alterations in the nematodes. In resistant C. elegans strains, the adulticidal efficacy of O. vulgare EO was reduced, whereas C. cassia EO maintained its activity, suggesting distinct mechanisms and potential use against resistant parasites. Synergy analysis indicated predominantly additive or moderate effects in adults and additive to slightly antagonistic effects in eggs, not constituting broad synergy. Bead-type formulations developed by ionic gelation with calcium sulfate showed good incorporation of active compounds. Tests in Haemonchus contortus confirmed EOs activity, with emphasis on the ovicidal effect of C. cassia EO. In conclusion, O. vulgare and C. cassia essential oils, as well as carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde, demonstrated complementary and promising profiles as candidates for new anthelmintic agents. O. vulgare EO is more potent against adults, possibly due to internal synergy, while cinnamaldehyde shows strong ovicidal action, including against resistant strains. These results provide a basis for in vivo studies, formulation optimization, and the development of combinatory strategies with conventional anthelmintics.en
dc.contributor.advisor1Scott, Fabio Barbour-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-8724pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1217253540572819pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Magalhães, Viviane de Souza-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-1246pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1129995417777144pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Glauser, Bianca Fernandes-
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7983058371479621pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Chaves, Douglas Siqueira de Almeida-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0571-9538pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1864237318361425pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Magalhães, Viviane de Souza-
dc.contributor.referee3IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-1246pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1129995417777144pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Pereira, Juliana Camacho-
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6271627069940795pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee5Machado, Caio Mota-
dc.contributor.referee5Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8096133777492822pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5935288138917748pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspt_BR
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dc.subject.cnpqParasitologiapt_BR
dc.subject.cnpqParasitologiapt_BR
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