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dc.contributor.authorFreitas, Francisco Matheus Medeiros de-
dc.date.accessioned2026-10-29T13:22:34Z-
dc.date.available2026-10-29T13:22:34Z-
dc.date.issued2026-02-25-
dc.identifier.citationFREITAS, Francisco Matheus Medeiros de. Diversidade funcional do gênero Nitrospirillum: caracterização de mecanismos associados à promoção de crescimento vegetal. 2026. 169 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia, Ciência do solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2026.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/26797-
dc.description.abstractA sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas tropicais demanda estratégias que reduzam a dependência de insumos sintéticos e aumentem a eficiência no uso de nutrientes. Neste contexto, bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal (BPCV) representam uma alternativa promissora, embora muitos gêneros com potencial agronômico permaneçam subexplorados. O gênero Nitrospirillum, reconhecido por sua capacidade de fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN), carece de estudos integrados que liguem sua diversidade genômica aos mecanismos funcionais de promoção de crescimento vegetal. Esta dissertação caracterizou a diversidade funcional de estirpes tipo de Nitrospirillum spp., integrando análises genômicas, ensaios bioquímicos e avaliações fisiológicas em plantas. No Capítulo I, dez estirpes foram analisadas quanto à presença de enzimas, vias metabólicas e capacidades funcionais associadas à promoção de crescimento, seguidas de validação fenotípica in vitro. As análises genômicas revelaram ausência de rotas canônicas completas para síntese de auxinas dependentes de triptofano, mas identificaram duas enzimas de finalização: a aldeído desidrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3), universal, que converte indol‐3‐acetaldeído em AIA; e a amidase (EC 3.5.1.4), amplamente distribuída, que hidrolisa intermediários amídicos, permitindo a síntese de ácido fenilacético (PAA), uma auxina não indólica. Todas as estirpes solubilizaram fosfato tricálcico (associado à produção de ácidos orgânicos), mas foram inativas frente a fosfatos de ferro e alumínio. A solubilização de zinco foi mais eficiente para o óxido de zinco (ZnO) do que para o fosfato de zinco (Zn3(PO4)2). A produção de sideróforos e a formação de biofilme variaram significativamente entre as estirpes, correlacionando-se com vias de biossíntese de aminoácidos e de poliaminas, respectivamente. A enzima ACC-desaminase esteve ausente em todas as estirpes. No Capítulo II, as estirpes foram avaliadas quanto à promoção de crescimento em plantas de milho (Zea mays L.) e braquiária (Urochloa sp. sin Brachiaria). As respostas à inoculação foram dependentes do estádio de desenvolvimento e da interação planta-bactéria. No bioensaio, não foram detectadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas, mas tendências numéricas indicaram que as estirpes BR 11142T , BR 11163T e BR 11828T apresentaram os maiores incrementos relativos em comprimento radicular total. Em estádios mais avançados, observaram-se tendências de promoção de crescimento, com destaque para BR 11140T e BR 11145 no milho, especialmente em parâmetros associados a parte aérea. Na braquiária, as estirpes BR 11865T , BR 11828T e BR 11164T apresentaram ganhos expressivos em biomassa radicular e índice de comprimento radicular por volume. Conclui-se que o gênero Nitrospirillum possui arquitetura metabólica singular, baseada na produção de auxinas alternativas (PAA) e na solubilização seletiva de nutrientes, aliadas à sua capacidade de fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN). A eficiência da inoculação é modulada pela especificidade estirpe-cultivar e pela disponibilidade de nitrogênio, posicionando o gênero como candidato a bioinsumos direcionados para gramíneas.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FAPERJpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectgenômica funcionalpt_BR
dc.subjectpromoção de crescimentopt_BR
dc.subjectbactérias diazotróficaspt_BR
dc.subjectplanta-bactériapt_BR
dc.subjectfunctional genomicspt_BR
dc.subjectgrowth promotionpt_BR
dc.subjectdiazotrophic bacteriapt_BR
dc.subjectplant-bacteriapt_BR
dc.titleDiversidade funcional do gênero Nitrospirillum: caracterização de mecanismos associados à promoção de crescimento vegetalpt_BR
dc.title.alternativeFunctional diversity of the genus Nitrospirillum: characterization of mechanisms associated with plant growth promotionen
dc.typeDissertaçãopt_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherThe sustainability of tropical agricultural systems demands strategies that reduce dependence on synthetic inputs and increase nutrient use efficiency. In this context, plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) represent a promising alternative, although many genera with agronomic potential remain underexplored. The genus Nitrospirillum, recognized for its biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) capacity, lacks integrated studies linking its genomic diversity to functional plant growth promotion mechanisms. This dissertation characterized the functional diversity of type strains of Nitrospirillum spp., integrating genomic analyses, biochemical assays, and physiological evaluations in plants. In Chapter I, ten strains were analyzed for the presence of enzymes, metabolic pathways, and functional capacities associated with growth promotion, followed by phenotypic validation in vitro. Genomic analyses revealed the absence of complete canonical tryptophan‐dependent auxin biosynthesis pathways but identified two final‐step enzymes: aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3), universal in all strains, which converts indole‐3‐acetaldehyde into IAA; and amidase (EC 3.5.1.4), widely distributed, which hydrolyzes amide intermediates, allowing the synthesis of phenylacetic acid (PAA), a non‐indolic auxin. All strains solubilized tricalcium phosphate (associated with organic acid production) but were inactive against iron and aluminum phosphates. Zinc solubilization was more efficient for zinc oxide (ZnO) than for zinc phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2). Siderophore production and biofilm formation varied significantly among strains, correlating with amino acid and polyamine biosynthesis pathways, respectively. The enzyme ACC deaminase was absent in all strains. In Chapter II, the strains were evaluated for growth promotion in maize (Zea mays L.) and signal grass (Urochloa sp. syn. Brachiaria). The responses to inoculation were dependent on developmental stage and the plant‐bacterium interaction. In the bioassay, no statistically significant differences were detected, but numerical trends indicated that strains BR 11142T , BR 11163T , and BR 11828T showed the highest relative increases in total root length. At more advanced stages, growth‐promoting trends were observed, with BR 11140T and BR 11145 standing out in maize, especially for shoot‐related parameters. In signal grass, strains BR 11865T , BR 11828T , and BR 11164T showed expressive gains in root biomass and root length per volume index. It is concluded that the genus Nitrospirillum possesses a singular metabolic architecture, based on the production of alternative auxins (PAA) and selective nutrient solubilization, coupled with its ability to biologically fix nitrogen (BNF). The efficiency of inoculation is modulated by strain‐cultivar specificity and nitrogen availability, positioning the genus as a candidate for targeted bio‐inputs for grasses.en
dc.contributor.advisor1Zilli, Jerri Édson-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3488pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4935993716536909pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Oliveira Junior, Alberto Fernandes de-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1165235941590317pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Zilli, Jerri Édson-
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3488pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4935993716536909pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Santos, Leandro Azevedo-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2595-9432pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4704465400011358pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Alves, Gabriela Cavalcanti-
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1894540109404685pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Reis, Veronica Massena-
dc.contributor.referee4IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2149-7725pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9099587982889283pt_BR
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-7409-0269pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2419260424632944pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solopt_BR
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