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dc.contributor.authorSilva Neto, Eduardo Carvalho da
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:33:58Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:33:58Z-
dc.date.issued2022-08-23
dc.identifier.citationSILVA NETO, Eduardo Carvalho da. Solos orgânicos em ambientes altomontanos no Sudeste do Brasil: formação, classificação e relações com a história da vegetação. 2022. 105 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2022.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9055-
dc.description.abstractA pesquisa busca contribuir para o entendimento da gênese de solos orgânicos não hidromórficos em ambientes altomontanos na região Sudeste do Brasil. A tese foi organizada em dois capítulos, no Capítulo I - Referencial teórico sobre Organossolos, são apresentadas e discutidas fontes bibliográficas importantes para o embasamento teórico da tese. Além da grande relevância ambiental, os solos orgânicos são importantes arquivos naturais para a compreensão do passado por meio da reconstituição paleoambiental, fornecendo dados para inferências sobre o clima e a vegetação do passado e tendências futuras diante das mudanças climáticas. Possuem grande relevância na regulação do clima, armazenamento de água, manutenção da biodiversidade. No Capítulo II, de título – Solos orgânicos em ambientes altomontanos no Sudeste do Brasil: formação, classificação e relações com a história da vegetação, são apresentados e discutidos os resultados da caracterização de 14 perfis descritos e coletados em ambientes altomontanos na região da Serra da Mantiqueira, no Sudeste do Brasil. As seguintes hipóteses foram levantadas: (i) a formação de solos orgânicos em condições de drenagem livre, está relacionada com a história da vegetação e variações das condições climáticas no passado; (ii) o clima frio e úmido dos ambientes altomontanos na região Sudeste do Brasil resulta em solos com propriedades ândicas (não-alofânicos). O objetivo geral foi propor um esquema geral de formação desses solos, com base no entendimento da relação solo- paisagem e na reconstituição da história da vegetação. Quanto a primeira hipótese, com base nos registros de fitólitos, δ 13C, estoques de carbono derivados de plantas C3 e C4, e datações 14C foi possível inferir 4 momentos ambientais: Fase I (antes de ~18.900 anos cal AP), clima marcadamente mais frio e seco do que o atual, com predomínio de vegetação de campos subtropicais e ocorrência de incêndios; Fase II (~18.900 anos cal AP a ~11.100 anos cal AP), ligeiro aumento de umidade, diminuição de incêndios e expansão de formações florestais, com rara presença de Araucaria angustifolia; Fase III (a partir de ~11.100 anos AP) aumento da umidade, com estabelecimento das condições atuais (clima frio e úmido, típico dos ambientes altomontanos), e marcada presença de Araucaria nas florestas altomontanas; Fase IV (presente) mudanças ambientais relacionadas com o aumento da ocorrência de incêndios, redução de indivíduos de Araucaria e aumento de Bambusoid, Arecaceae e plantas C4, possivelmente ligada à atividades humanas. Quanto a segunda hipótese, os Organossolos Fólicos nos ambientes altomontanos da Serra da Mantiqueira são formados por acumulação de liteira (resíduos da vegetação) e podem ocorrer dois pedoambientes: (i) diretamente sobre rochas nos campos de altitude, pelos processos de adição e transformação da liteira, que constituem o principal material parental desses solos; e (ii) em florestas altomontanas, com horizontes hísticos formados sobre horizontes minerais. Em ambos os casos, o clima frio e úmido e a vegetação (organismos) são os principais fatores de formação, não apenas reduzindo a decomposição da matéria orgânica, mas influenciando as propriedades físicas e químicas dos solos. O clima frio e úmido dos ambientes altomontanos na região sudeste do Brasil também resulta em solos com propriedades ândicas (não-alofânicos).por
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.description.sponsorshipFAPERJ - Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectOrganossolospor
dc.subjectRelação solo-paisagempor
dc.subjectMudanças climáticaspor
dc.subjectQuaternáriopor
dc.subjectHistosolseng
dc.subjectSoil-landscape relationshipeng
dc.subjectClimate changeeng
dc.subjectQuaternaryeng
dc.titleSolos orgânicos em ambientes altomontanos no Sudeste do Brasil: formação, classificação e relações com a história da vegetaçãopor
dc.title.alternativeOrganic soils in upper montane environments of southeastern Brazil: formation, classification, and relations to vegetation historyeng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherThe research developed in this thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the formation of non-hydromorphic organic soils in upper montane environments in the southeastern Brazil. The thesis was organized in two chapters, in Chapter I “Organic soils - definitions and use as record of paleoenvironmental changes”, a theoretical framework based on relevant bibliographical sources is presented and discussed. In addition to the environmental relevance, organic soils are important natural archives of paleoenvironmental changes, providing data for inferences about the climate and vegetation of the past and future. They have great relevance for climate regulation, water storage and maintaining biodiversity. In the Chapter II, entitled - Organic soils in upper montane environments in Southeastern Brazil: formation, classification and relations with the history of vegetation, the results obtained from the characterization of 14 soil profiles, described and collected in upper montane environments in southeastern Brazil, are presented. The following hypotheses were set: (i) the formation of organic soils under free drainage conditions is related to the history of vegetation and variations in climatic conditions in the past; (ii) the cold and humid climate of the upper montane environments in the Southeastern region of Brazil results in soils with andic (non-allophanic) properties. The objective of this research was to propose a general scheme for the formation of these soils, based on the understanding of the soil-landscape relationship and on the reconstitution of the vegetation history. As for the first hypothesis, based on records of phytoliths, δ 13C, carbon stocks derived from C3 and C4 plants, and 14C dating, it was possible to infer four environmental conditions: Phase I (before ~18,9k yr BP), markedly colder climate and drier than current one, with a predominance of subtropical grassland vegetation and the occurrence of fires; Phase II (~18,9k yr BP to ~11,1k yr BP), slight increase in humidity, decrease in fires and expansion of forest formations, with rare presence of Araucaria angustifolia; Phase III (from ~11,1k years BP) increase in humidity, with the establishment of current conditions (cold and humid climate, typical of southeastern Brazilian highlands), and marked presence of Araucaria in upper- montane forests; Phase IV (present) environmental changes related to increased occurrence of fires, reduction of Araucaria individuals and increase of Bambusoid, Arecaceae and C4 plants, possibly linked to human activities. On the second hypothesis, Organossolos Fólicos (Folists) in the upper montane environments of Serra da Mantiqueira are formed by the accumulation of litter (vegetation residues) and can occur in two soil environments: (i) directly on rocks in the high-altitude fields, by the processes of addition and transformation of litter, which constitute the main parental material of these soils; and (ii) in upper montane forests, with histic horizons formed over mineral horizons. In both cases, the cold and humid climate and the vegetation (organisms) are the main soil formation factors, not only reducing the decomposition of the organic matter, but influencing the physical and chemical properties of the soils. The cold and humid climate of the upper montane environments in southeastern Brazil also results in soils with andic (non-allophanic) properties.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Pereira, Marcos Gervasio
dc.contributor.advisor1ID874.292.767-68por
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1402-3612por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3657759682534978por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Anjos, Lúcia Helena Cunha dos
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-3521por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7882538227876962por
dc.contributor.referee1Pereira, Marcos Gervasio
dc.contributor.referee1ID874.292.767-68por
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1402-3612por
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3657759682534978por
dc.contributor.referee2Oliveira, Fábio Soares de
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-7609por
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8546459778894275por
dc.contributor.referee3Valladares, Gustavo Souza
dc.contributor.referee3IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-6588por
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7710601501267719por
dc.contributor.referee4Terra, Ingrid Horák
dc.contributor.referee4IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-5366por
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7150300826608941por
dc.contributor.referee5Souza, José João Lelis Leal de
dc.contributor.referee5IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4670-6626por
dc.contributor.referee5Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4029385395680758por
dc.creator.ID098.401.516-73por
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-1376por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4988225711834196por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solopor
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