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dc.contributor.authorGuedes, Ana Paula Penha
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:35:52Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:35:52Z-
dc.date.issued2010-06-07
dc.identifier.citationGUEDES, Ana Paula Penha. Hábitos alimentares e organização trófica da comunidade de peixes da Baía de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 2010. 117 f. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia Animal) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2010.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9161-
dc.description.abstractO objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os hábitos alimentares e a organização trófica da comunidade de peixes da Baía de Sepetiba, com base na dieta das 24 espécies de peixes mais abundantes, capturadas em arrastos de fundo trimestrais entre 2000 e 2001. Foi definida a organização da ictiofauna em termos de guildas tróficas e suas variações espaciais, temporais e ontogenéticas, bem como descritos os aspectos comportamentais (estratégia trófica, partição do nicho trófico e atividade alimentar) e a organização das teias tróficas, visando testar a hipótese de que os componentes da ictiofauna desenvolvem uma possível segregação trófica como estratégia de coexistência neste sistema. Os peixes foram medidos (mm), pesados (g) e dissecados em laboratório para a retirada do estômago. Os conteúdos estomacais foram analisados sob microscópio estereoscópio e/ou óptico, e os itens alimentares identificados ao nível taxonômico mais inferior possível. Quatro guildas tróficas e duas espécies com alimentação diferenciada foram descritas para as espécies de peixes estudadas, indicando a existência de partição/sobreposição no uso dos recursos disponíveis. Mudanças espaciais foram encontradas para a maioria das espécies, indicando uma plasticidade trófica na utilização dos recursos disponíveis. Em geral, Polychaeta foi o recurso alimentar dominante na zona interna, enquanto itens da categoria Crustacea dominaram na zona externa. Embora tenha sido registrada alguma sazonalidade no uso dos recursos, nove espécies apresentaram mudanças apenas nos itens secundários e algumas espécies mudaram o item alimentar principal em somente uma estação. Mudanças na utilização dos recursos ao longo do crescimento foram observadas com o predomínio de Copepoda e Caprella nos indivíduos menores, mudando para Polychaeta e Teleostei nos indivíduos maiores. Cinco espécies (A. lineatus, C. chrysurus, D. rhombeus, H. clupeola e M. americanus) aumentaram a diversidade de itens alimentares ao longo do crescimento, enquanto seis (C. leiarchus, C. spilopterus, P. punctatus, S. setapinnis, S. testudineus e T. lepturus) diminuíram o espectro alimentar. A estratégia generalista foi utilizada pela maioria das espécies (19), contudo destas 15 espécies apresentaram tendência ao especialismo por algum item. Aspistor luniscutis foi a espécie que apresentou maior diversidade de itens alimentares dentre as espécies estudadas e maior amplitude de nicho. Citharichthys spilopterus (diurno) e A. lineatus (noturno) foram as espécies que tiveram a atividade alimentar mais bem definida. As guildas dos consumidores de Copepoda e de Polychaeta foram as que apresentaram espécies com maior sobreposição trófica dentro do grupo, indicando plena disponibilidade dos recursos. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas médias dos níveis tróficos e de onivorias entre as zonas, estações do ano e classes de tamanho. A retirada de espécies da teia trófica modificou a conectância, de acordo com o grau de interação desta espécie na teia. A separação em guildas tróficas no uso dos recursos alimentares e o uso de diferentes estratégias tróficas foram os mecanismos utilizados para coexistência da ictiofauna na Baía de Sepetiba.por
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqpor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectpeixespor
dc.subjectteias tróficaspor
dc.subjectbaíaspor
dc.subjectfisheseng
dc.subjecttrophic webeng
dc.subjectbayseng
dc.titleHábitos alimentares e organização trófica da comunidade de peixes da Baía de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, Brasilpor
dc.title.alternativeFeeding habits and trophic organization of the fish community in the Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazileng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherThe aim of this study was to describe the feeding habits and trophic organization of the fish community in the Sepetiba Bay, based on the diet of the 24 most abundant fish species caught by bottom trawling between 2000 and 2001. We defined the ichthyofauna organization in trophic guild and their spatial, temporal and ontogenetic variations, behavioral aspects (trophic strategy, the trophic niche partition and feeding activity) and the feeding web organization to test the hypothesis that components of the ichthyofauna developed trophic segregation as strategy to coexist in this system. Fishes were measured (mm), weighted (g) and dissected for removing the stomachs. Stomachs contents were analyzed under optic microcopy and stereomicroscopy and the feeding items were identified at the lower possible taxonomic level. Four trophic guilds and two species with differentiated feeding were described for the studied species, indicating partition/overlapping in the use of the available resources. Spatial changes in diet were detected for most species, suggesting the high plasticity in the use of available resources. Overall, Polychaeta was the dominant feeding resource in the inner bay zone, while items from the Crustacean category dominated in the outer zone. Although indication of seasonality in the resource use have been detected, nine species change diet for the secondary items only, and some species change the main food item during one season only. Ontogenetic changes in the use of the resources were observed with Copepoda and Caprella predominating in the feeding of smaller individuals, which changed to Polychaeta and Teleostei in adult individuals. Five species (A. lineatus, C. chrysurus, D. rhombeus, H. clupeola e M. americanus) increased item diversity along the growth, while six species (C. leiarchus, C. spilopterus, P. punctatus, S. setapinnis, S. testudineus e T. lepturus) decreased the feeding spectrum. Generalist strategy was used for most species (19), however 15 from those species had a trend for specialism for a given food item. Aspistor luniscutis had the highest diversity of feeding items and width niche. Citharichthys spilopterus (diurnal) and A. lineatus (nocturnal) were the species with more defined feeding activity. Trophic guilds of the Copepoda and Polychaeta eaters had the highest trophic overlapping within the group, indicating plenty of available resources. No significant differences were found for the means trophic levels and omnivory of the species between zones, season and size classes. Connectance was influenced by removing species from the trophic web according to the degree of interaction of each species. Separation in trophic guild and the use of different trophic strategy were the mechanisms used for the ichthyofauna to coexist in the Sepetiba Bay.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Araújo, Francisco Gerson
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7898069293489622por
dc.contributor.referee1Soares, Lucy Satiko Hashimoto
dc.contributor.referee2Hahn, Norma Segatti
dc.contributor.referee3Vianna , Marcelo
dc.contributor.referee4Pessanha, André Luiz Machado
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5528695265409635por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúdepor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animalpor
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