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dc.contributor.authorFranzan, Bruna Caroline
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:36:49Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:36:49Z-
dc.date.issued2021-02-26
dc.identifier.citationFRANZAN, Bruna Caroline. Dietas, prebiótico e probiótico e seus efeitos sobre o microbioma intestinal de equinos. 2021. 130 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Animal) - Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2021.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9242-
dc.description.abstractA microbiota intestinal tem importância fundamental na nutrição e na saúde dos equinos e é influenciada por diversos fatores. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma dieta completa extrusada (CED) na alimentação de equinos e os fatores dietéticos que influenciam o microbioma fecal. Os equinos alimentados com a CED tiveram menor consumo de água e fibra, maior consumo de matéria seca (MS), extrato etéreo e energia bruta, menor produção e pH fecal. A digestibilidade da MS, matéria orgânica, extrato etéreo, proteína bruta e energia bruta foram superiores na CED. O tempo médio de retenção da digesta (TMR) da CED foi menor quando comparado a dieta de feno de Coastcross (CHD) quando estimado pelo marcador LIPE®. A abundância relativa do filo Actinobacteria foi maior após 28 dias de consumo de CHD comparado a 7 dias de consumo. A adaptação gradual de equinos ao consumo de CED afetou os filos Verrucomicrobia, Synergistetes, Tenericutes e Lentisphaerae. A inclusão de 30% de CED na dieta afeta a abundância de grupos bacterianos relacionados a atividade fermentativa, entretanto, a diversidade de espécies bacterianas das fezes foi mantida até o momento de consumo de 60% CED e 40% de CHD. A troca abrupta do CHD para CED resultou em redução do pH fecal 96 horas após a troca e redução da diversidade de espécies bacterianas 24 horas após a troca. Além disso, afetou os filos Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Elusimicrobia e Actinobacteria. A troca abrupta da CED para CHD resultou em redução do pH fecal em 24 horas após a troca e aumento da diversidade de espécies bacterianas 96 horas após a troca. Além disso, afetou os filos Synergistetes e Lentisphaerae. Por fim, ambas as trocas de dietas resultaram no aumento da abundância relativa de OTUs classificadas como Bacteroidetes e Treponema 24 horas após a troca. A suplementação com prebiótico inulina (PRE), probiótico Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PRO) e simbiótico inulina + Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SIM) não influenciou os índices de diversidade bacteriana observadas nas fezes de potros no período de desmame. A suplementação com PRE aumentou a classe Bacilli nas fezes dos potros lactentes em comparação ao grupo controle. O pH fecal dos potros suplementados com PRE foi superior ao grupo controle. A suplementação com PRO e SIM aumentou as classes Erysipelotrichia e Saccharimonadia, respectivamente, após três dias de consumo, entretanto, o efeito não foi prolongado. Além disso, houve diferença dos microbiomas fecais entre os sexos dos potros. Portanto, conclui-se que a CED pode ser usada na alimentação de equinos, desde que seja feito adaptação gradual. A composição da dieta e a suplementação com aditivos afetam o microbioma fecal de equinos e sua resposta a mudanças dietéticas.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectdieta completapor
dc.subjectfermentaçãopor
dc.subjectfibrapor
dc.subjectmicrobiotapor
dc.subjectsimbióticopor
dc.subjectcomplete dieteng
dc.subjectfermentationeng
dc.subjectfibereng
dc.subjectmicrobiotaeng
dc.subjectsimbioticeng
dc.titleDietas, prebiótico e probiótico e seus efeitos sobre o microbioma intestinal de equinospor
dc.title.alternativeDiets, prebiotic and probiotic in the intestinal microbiome of equineseng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherThe intestinal microbiota plays important role in horse’s nutrition and health. This work aimed to evaluate a complete extruded diet (CED) to fed horses and the dietary factors that influence the faecal microbiome. Horses fed a CED had lower water and fiber intakes, higher dry matter (DM), ether extract and gross energy intakes, and lower production and fecal pH. The DM, organic matter, ether extract, crude protein and crude energy digestibility were superior in the CED. The CED mean retention time (MRT) was shorter compared to the Coastcross hay diet (CHD), when obtained by LIPE® marker. CHD intake for 21 days increased the abundance of Actinobacteria. The gradual adaptation of horses to the CED intake affected the phylum Verrucomicrobia, Synergistetes, Tenericutes and Lentisphaerae. The inclusion of 30% CED in the diet affects the abundance of bacterial groups in the fermentative activity, however, the diversity of bacterial species in the feces was maintained until the moment of 60% CED and 40% CHD intakes. The abrupt diet change from CHD to CED resulted in a reduction in faecal pH 96 hours after change and a bacterial diversity reduction 24 hours after chance. In addition, it affected the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Elusimicrobia and Actinobacteria. The abrupt change from CED to CHD resulted in a reduction in fecal pH 24 hours after the change and a bacterial species diversity increases of 96 hours after change. In addition, it affected the phyla Synergistetes and Lentisphaerae. Finally, both diet changes resulted in an increase in the abundance of OTUs classified as Bacteroidetes and Treponema 24 hours after change. Supplementation with prebiotic inulin (PRE), probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PRO) and symbiotic inulin + S. cerevisiae (SIM) did not influence the bacterial diversity species observed in the feces of foals during weaning. The supplementation with PRE increased the Bacilli class in the feces of suckling foals. The fecal pH of foals supplemented with PRE was higher than the control group. PRO and SIM supplementation increased the classes Erysipelotrichia and Saccharimonadia, respectively, after three days, however, the effect was not prolonged. In addition, there was a difference in fecal microbiomes between the sexes of foals. Therefore, it is concluded that CED can be used to feed horses, as long as a gradual adaptation is made. The composition of the diet and additives supplementation affect the fecal microbiome of horses and their response to dietary changes.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Silva, Vinicius Pimentel
dc.contributor.advisor1ID297.639.108-46por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Almeida, Fernando Queiroz de
dc.contributor.referee1Silva, Vinicius Pimentel
dc.contributor.referee2Manso Filho, Cordeiro
dc.contributor.referee3Costa, Márcio Carvalho
dc.contributor.referee4Coelho, Irene da Silva
dc.contributor.referee5Almeida, Maria Izabel Vieira de
dc.creator.ID106.175.936-98por
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-6304por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8012504739440638por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Zootecniapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animalpor
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