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dc.contributor.author | Cabral Neto, Otavio | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-12-21T18:36:58Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-12-21T18:36:58Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011-07-26 | |
dc.identifier.citation | CABRAL NETO, Otavio. Amaciamento da carne bovina de Nelore por alta pressão hidrostática e maturação.. 2011. 88 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica - RJ, 2011. | por |
dc.identifier.uri | https://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9255 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis de pressão sobre a textura e outras características da carne; realizando a avaliação comparativa do processo de alta pressão (APH) e de maturação convencional sobre a textura e outras características da carne bovina de Nelore. A escolha da raça é que no Brasil a maior parte dos animais de abate é Nelore (Bos indicus) ou anelorado e estes animais apresentam principalmente para o mercado exterior, carne considerada menos macia em detrimento à carne de bovinos europeus (Bos taurus). O estudo foi realizado na EMBRAPA Agroindústria de Alimentos – RJ e no LAAB – Laboratório de Análises de Alimentos e Bebidas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ. Os animais foram abatidos no Matadouro Ferreira Landim, no município de Valença-RJ e a desossa dos traseiros foi realizada no frigorífico Frigean – Itaguaí – RJ. Foram utilizados 9 animais no primeiro ensaio e 15 no segundo, ambos os animais castrados, criados em regime de campo, alimentados exclusivamente de Brachiaria decumbens, com idade morfológica na 1ª dentição. Vinte quatro horas após abate mediu-se pH das carcaças, confirmando o estabelecimento do rigor mortis. Após o resfriamento e a separação das meias carcaças, os cortes primários (serrote) foram desossados em sala climatizada à 12ºC, separando-se os cortes de contra filés (Longissimus dorsi). Os cortes controles foram embalados a vácuo e congelados entre -10°C para as análises posteriores. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Primeiro ensaio: 1) controle (carne in-natura não processada); 2) APH (níveis de pressão de 100, 200, 300, e 400 MPa e duas condições de tempo de pressurização). Segundo ensaio: 1) controle (carne in natura); 2) maturação convencional (amostras embaladas a vácuo mantidas a 2oC/14 dias); e 3) APH (pressão de 200 Mpa). O modelo estatístico utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, e os dados submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA), teste t de Student e F a 5% de significância. Quando necessários, aplicou-se também análise de regressão em XLSTAT. Para análise sensorial além de ANOVA utilizouse a análise de CLUSTER, teste do QUI-quadrado e análise Múltipla de Fatores (MFA). Observou-se no primeiro ensaio que com o aumento da APH e do tempo de pressurização aumentou a força de cisalhamento e perda de peso por cozimento, e ainda alterou significativamente a cor da carne, tornando-a “pálida”. No segundo ensaio observou-se que a APH agiu positivamente nas características de maciez, pois foi observado menor valor para força de cisalhamento e maior valor para índice de fragmentação miofibrilar, sugerindo maior maciez. Apenas a cor da carne maturada convencionalmente foi alterada, com maiores valores para luminosidade. As análises de proteínas por eletroforese não apresentaram diferenças significativas. Observou-se alterações no teor de ácidos graxos entre os tratamentos, mas a relação saturado/insaturado entre a carne pressurizada e maturada convencionalmente foram semelhantes. A análise sensorial demonstrou segmentação de grupos entre os consumidores, mas em geral as carnes maturadas e in natura foram mais requeridas. A tecnologia de APH é um método eficiente para amaciamento da carne bovina de Nelore, com tempo reduzido em relação à maturação convencional, e pequena alteração nas características em comparação a carne in natura, porém são necessários mais estudos para avaliar a aceitação do consumidor. | por |
dc.format | application/pdf | * |
dc.language | por | por |
dc.publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro | por |
dc.rights | Acesso Aberto | por |
dc.subject | carne bovina | por |
dc.subject | alta pressão hidrostática | por |
dc.subject | maturação | por |
dc.subject | análise sensorial | por |
dc.subject | análises físico-químicas | por |
dc.subject | aging | eng |
dc.subject | shear force | eng |
dc.subject | sensory analysis | eng |
dc.subject | colour | eng |
dc.subject | weight loss during cooking | eng |
dc.title | Amaciamento da carne bovina de Nelore por alta pressão hidrostática e maturação | por |
dc.title.alternative | Nellore meat tenderization by high hydrostatic pressure and tenderness | eng |
dc.type | Tese | por |
dc.description.abstractOther | The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of different levels of pressure on the texture and other characteristics of Nellore meat, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of high pressure in the meat tenderisation in comparison to conventional maturation a cattle breed was selected due to the fact that the majority of slaughtered animals for meat in Brazil is Nelore (Bos indicus) and Zebu, and those animals are commonly assumed as being tender meat in relation to the European beef cattle in (Bos taurus), which causes negative impact in the exportation. In the first trial nine castrated animals were used and 15 in the second, all of them and fed in the field exclusively with Brachiaria decumbens, first dentition morphologically aged. After first 24 hours of carrying out the slaughter the carcasses pH was measured in order to confirm appropriate rigor mortis process establishment. After cooling down and separating half of the carcasses, the primary cuts were boned inside a 12 ° C-room. The striploin (Longissimus dorsi) were removed intact and submitted to the trials, while the control cuts were vacuum packed and frozen at between -10 and -32 ° C for further analysis. The treatments for the trials were: for the first trial: 1) control (not processed in-natura meat), 2) high pressure: pressure levels at 100, 200, 300, and 400 MPa and two conditions of time pressure (T1) only the time required to reach the required pressure and T2) T1 + 15 minutes of pressurization To establish the pressure; for the second trial: 1) control (raw beef), 2) conventional maturation (2°C for 14 days); 3) high pressure level at 200 Mpa starting with the meat at 5 ° C, the time required to achieve Anene pressure required. The statistical model used was completely randomized and data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), F at 5% significance level at t-Student test and, when necessary, to regression analysis using XLSTAT software. In addition, in the case of sensory assay, ANOVA was carried out by cluster analysis, chi-square and Multiple Factors Analysis (MFA). In the first trial it was observed that the shear force and cooking weight loss increased with the increase of pressure and pressurization time, along with a significant change (“whitening”) in the meat color. In the second assay it was observed that APH highly softened the meat in comparison to the maturation process, based on the lower shear force values and higher Miofibrilar Fragmentation Index (MFI). Only the color of the conventionally aged meat has changed, showing higher brightness values. The proteins analysis by electrophoresis showed no significant differences among the treatments. Significant differences were verified among the treatments regarding the fatty acid profile, although the saturated/unsaturated ratio for the pressurized and conventionally matured meat were similar. Sensory analysis has shown there were segmentation among the consumers, but in general the conventionally aged and the fresh meat were the most required. In principle the high hydrostatic pressure seemed to be an interesting and effective method for softening the Nellore beef, by reducing the time required for the for the conventional maturation and leading to small change compared to the characteristics fresh beef. However, further studies are needed to deeply assess consumer acceptance of the meat, mainly in the countries that import and consume Brazilian Nelore beef. | eng |
dc.contributor.advisor1 | Rosenthal, Amauri | |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID | 025072978-40 | por |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/1329532290735502 | por |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1 | Gaspar, Arlene | |
dc.contributor.referee1 | Silva, Teófilo José Pimentel da | |
dc.contributor.referee2 | Torrezan, Renata | |
dc.contributor.referee3 | Rodrigues, Victor Cruz | |
dc.contributor.referee4 | Freitas, Daniela de Grandi | |
dc.creator.ID | 042973226-09 | por |
dc.creator.Lattes | http://lattes.cnpq.br/5027409571651307 | por |
dc.publisher.country | Brasil | por |
dc.publisher.department | Instituto de Tecnologia | por |
dc.publisher.initials | UFRRJ | por |
dc.publisher.program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos | por |
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dc.subject.cnpq | Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos | por |
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