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dc.contributor.authorSilva, Emily Mesquita da
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:43:02Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:43:02Z-
dc.date.issued2023-02-27
dc.identifier.citationSILVA, Emily Mesquita da. Influência da microbiota e dos patógenos de carrapatos na ação de fungos entomopatogênicos. 2023. 72 f. Tese (doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2023.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9716-
dc.description.abstractEstudos acerca do uso de fungos entomopatogênicos no controle biológico de carrapatos demonstram alta eficácia, no entanto não é sabido qual a importância da microbiota desse artrópode na ação fúngica. Além disso, o papel da presença de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos no momento do tratamento fúngico ainda é desconhecido. Portanto, a presente tese teve como objetivo: avaliar a influência da microbiota de Rhipicephalus microplus para sua sobrevivência sob ação de Metarhizium anisopliae; avaliar composição e diversidade de bactérias no intestino de R. microplus após tratamento com M. anisopliae; além de analisar se a administração de antibiótico é compatível com uso de fungos entomopatogênicos. Além disso, utilizando o modelo de Ixodes scapularis e Borrelia burgdorferi fez-se como objetivo comparar a sobrevivência e ingurgitamento de I. scapularis infectado ou não com B. burgdorferi após tratamento com M. anisopliae; analisar a respostas imune dos grupos citados anteriormente pela expressão da molécula adaptadora Myd88 em receptores “Toll-like”; avaliar a colonização de B. burgdorferi em carrapatos tratados ou não com M. anisopliae através da expressão do gene flaB; investigar a influência da coinfecção de B. burgdorferi e M. anisopliae na microiota de I. scapularis pela expressão do gene 16S. Para os testes com R. microplus, fêmeas parcialmente ingurgitadas foram retiradas do corpo de um bezerro e alimentadas artificialmente com sangue do mesmo animal. A administração de tetraciclina foi realizada adicionando o antibiótico ao sangue na alimentação, formando assim quatro grupos: fêmeas alimentadas apenas com sangue bovino puro (C) e sangue + tetraciclina (T); e dois outros grupos que receberam a mesma dieta, apenas sangue ou sangue+tetraciclina, porém cada um destes grupos foi tratado topicamente com M. anisopliae LCM S04 (F e T+F, respectivamente). Para os estudos com I. scapularis, ninfas infectadas ou não com B. burgdorferi foram inoculadas com M. anisopliae ARSEF 549. Os primeiros ensaios foram realizados avaliando a sobrevivência das ninfas após exposição ao fungo; nos ensaios seguintes as ninfas estiveram em contato com camundongos para se alimentarem ad libitum. As ninfas alimentadas foram pesadas e dissecadas, e o RNA dos intestinos foi extraído e transformado em cDNA para análise dos genes. A administração de tetraciclina em fêmeas de R. microplus não alterou a sobrevivência dos carrapatos. Ainda, a alteração na microbiota e o uso de antibiótico não prejudicaram a ação fúngica, e ambos os grupos tratados com M. anisopliae apresentaram curvas de sobrevivência similares. O grupo (T+F) teve a composição bacteriana com maior diversidade. A inoculação de M anisopliae em I. scapularis infectados ou não com B. burgdorferi não foi diferente entre si; o ingurgitamento das ninfas de I. scapularis não foi afetado pelo tratamento fúngico em carrapatos infectados ou não com B. burgdorferi. A expressão relativa do gene flaB associado a colonização de B. burgdorferi nas ninfas se manteve similar com ou sem tratamento fúngico, ainda entre os mesmos grupos, o número de bactérias através da expressão relativa do gene 16S não foi alterada após tratamento com M. anisopliae; contudo as ninfas infectadas com B. burgdorferi apresentaram maior expressão relativa do gene Myd88. Assim, os resultados demonstrados aqui reiteram a necessidade de mais estudos relacionados as múltiplas interações entre carrapatos, os patógenos transmitidos por eles e fungos entomopatogênicos, com o objetivo de entender a complexidade para pensar em programas de controle biológico eficientes.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.description.sponsorshipCNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicopor
dc.description.sponsorshipFAPERJ - Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectcontrole biológicopor
dc.subjectmicrobiota intestinalpor
dc.subjectpatógenos transmitidos por carrapatospor
dc.subjectBiological controleng
dc.subjectgut microbiotaeng
dc.subjecttick-borne pathogenseng
dc.titleInfluência da microbiota e dos patógenos de carrapatos na ação de fungos entomopatogênicospor
dc.title.alternativeInfluence of tick microbiota and tick pathogens on the action of entomopathogenic fungieng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherReports on the use of entomopathogenic fungi in the biological control of ticks have shown good efficacy, however the importance of tick’s microbiota, including tick-borne pathogens, during fungal infection remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this thesis aimed to evaluate the influence of the microbiota of Rhipicephalus microplus on its survival under the action of Metarhizium anisopliae; evaluate composition and diversity of bacteria in the gut of R. microplus after treatment with M. anisopliae; in addition, to analyze whether the administration of antibiotics is compatible with the use of entomopathogenic fungi. Moreover, using the model of Ixodes scapularis and Borrelia burgdorferi, the objective was to compare the survival and engorgement of I. scapularis infected or not with B. burgdorferi after treatment with M. anisopliae; to analyze the immune response of the groups mentioned above by the expression of the Myd88 daptor molecule in “Toll-like” receptors; evaluate the colonization of B. burgdorferi in ticks treated or not with M. anisopliae through expression of the flaB gene; to investigate the influence of co-infection of B. burgdorferi and M. anisopliae in the microbiota of I. scapularis by the expression of the 16S gene. For tests with R. microplus, partially engorged females were removed from the body of a calf and artificially fed with blood from the same animal. Tetracycline administration was performed by adding the antibiotic into the blood by the time of feeding, thus forming four groups: females fed only with pure bovine blood (C) and blood+tetracycline (T); and two other groups that received the same diet, only blood or blood + tetracycline, but each of these groups was topically treated with M. anisopliae LCM S04 (F and T+F, respectively). For the studies with I. scapularis, nymphs infected or not with B. burgdorferi were inoculated with M. anisopliae ARSEF 549. The first assays were carried out to evaluate the survival of nymphs after exposure to the fungus; in the following tests, the nymphs were in contact with mice to feed ad libitum. The fed nymphs were weighed on the and dissected and the RNA from the guts was extracted and transformed into cDNA for gene expression analysis. Administration of tetracycline to R. microplus females did not alter tick survival. Furthermore, the disruption of tick microbiota and the use of antibiotics, did not impair fungal action, and both groups treated with M. anisopliae showed similar survival curves. The group T+F had the bacterial composition with the highest diversity. Inoculation of M anisopliae in I. scapularis infected or not with B. burgdorferi was not different; engorgement of I. scapularis nymphs was not affected by fungal treatment in ticks infected or not with B. burgdorferi. The relative expression of the flaB gene associated with the colonization of B. burgdorferi in nymphs remained similar with or without fungal treatment. Still among the same groups, the number of bacteria through the relative expression of the 16S gene was not altered after treatment with M. anisopliae; however, nymphs infected with B. burgdorferi, and fungus treated showed a higher relative expression of the Myd88 gene. Thus, the results shown here reiterate the need for further studies related to the multiple interactions between ticks, tick pathogens and entomopathogenic fungi, with the aim of understanding the complexity and to design efficient biological control programs.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Gôlo, Patrícia Silva
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3935275742919097por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Coelho, Irene da Silva
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Narasimhan, Sukanya
dc.contributor.referee1Gôlo, Patrícia Silva
dc.contributor.referee2Peixoto, Maristela Peckle
dc.contributor.referee3Klafke, Guilherme Marcondes
dc.contributor.referee4Fernandes, Éverton Kort Kamp
dc.contributor.referee5Oliveira, Pedro Lagerblad de
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4263-1332por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5796471626277889por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspor
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