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dc.contributor.authorIguatemy, Mariana de Andrade
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:45:44Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:45:44Z-
dc.date.issued2012-12-21
dc.identifier.citationIGUATEMY, Mariana de Andrade. Agroecossistemas e suas implicações na regeneração de fragmentos de mata atlântica na bacia do Rio Guapi-Macacu, RJ. 2012. 121 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Agropecuária) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, 2012.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9815-
dc.description.abstractO processo de intensificação agrícola, a que diversas áreas no mundo estão submetidas, gera áreas fragmentadas e isoladas e seus habitats naturais encontram-se imersos em matrizes extremamente hostis. Práticas adotadas em sistemas produtivos intensivos que exigem maior interferência antrópica no agroecossistema e aporte de agroquímicos podem gerar consequências negativas para os fragmentos, e até mesmo um maior avanço dos efeitos de borda. A manutenção da riqueza e diversidade das florestas irá depender em grande parte do potencial e capacidade de regeneração dos fragmentos florestais. Neste contexto, o objetivo foi avaliar aspectos da composição de espécies, dinâmica de estágios sucessionais e comunidade de plântulas que representaram a regeneração; da macrofauna do solo, da abertura do dossel e do estoque de serapilheira em diferentes ambientes de fragmentos com diferentes intensidades de uso na vizinhança. Para tal, foram avaliados fragmentos florestais que apresentassem vizinhança formada por cultivo intensivo e cultivo. Nestes foram determinados ambientes estabelecidos de acordo com gradiente de distância da matriz, borda, núcleo e clareira. Em cada ambiente foram realizadas de 6 a 9 amostragens de cada uma das variáveis avaliadas. Foi observado efeito da intensidade do uso da vizinhança nos fragmentos avaliados sobre as variáveis estudadas a partir de modelos mistos generalizados e análises multivariadas. Os efeitos de intensidade de uso na vizinhança dos fragmentos e dos efeitos de borda foram evidenciados através de praticamente todas as análises realizadas (principalmente nos modelos testados). Isto gerou efeitos de borda que se diferenciaram de acordo com o grau de intensidade de uso da vizinhança, sendo mais intensos e se prolongando mais ao interior do fragmento, em que uso da vizinhança foi mais intensivo. Este resultado foi destacado na abundância de indivíduos na comunidade e de pioneiras, mortalidade de secundárias tardias, valores de riqueza total, composição de espécies, frações de serapilheira galho e folha inteira e abertura de dossel. Os fragmentos com uso intensivo na vizinhança e os ambientes de borda apresentaram menor potencial de regeneração do que fragmentos com uso extensivo e ambientes de clareira. Este resultado é apontado pelos menores valores de riqueza total de espécies e riqueza total de secundárias iniciais e tardias, menor abundância de pioneiras e maiores taxas de mortalidade para secundárias tardias nos fragmentos com uso intensivo na vizinhança. Estes efeitos se refletiram na substituição ou desaparecimento de algumas espécies da macrofauna do solo como, por exemplo, o desaparecimento de Oligochaetas nos fragmentos com uso intensivo na vizinhança. A maior intensidade de uso do solo, com forte utilização de maquinários e agroquímicos, nas matrizes altera aspectos que influenciam negativamente a regeneração e manutenção dos fragmentos na paisagem. Assim, conclui-se que as bordas dos fragmentos florestais estão mais vulneráveis em paisagens agrícolas que apresentam uso mais intensivo das terras, e esta vulnerabilidade está associada a práticas exercidas na vizinhança.por
dc.description.sponsorshipFAPERJ - Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectEfeitos de vizinhançapor
dc.subjectEfeitos de bordapor
dc.subjectRegeneraçãopor
dc.subjectNeighborhood effectseng
dc.subjectEdge effectseng
dc.subjectRegenerationeng
dc.titleAgroecossistemas e suas implicações na regeneração de fragmentos de mata atlântica na bacia do Rio Guapi-Macacu, RJpor
dc.title.alternativeAgroecosystem and its implications on regeneration of atlantic rain forest fragments in the basin of Guapi-Macacu river -RJeng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherThe process of agricultural intensification, to which several areas in the world are subject, generates fragmented and isolated areas and their natural habitats are immersed in extremely hostile matrices. Practices adopted in intensive production systems that require greater human interference in agroecosystems and input of agrochemicals can generate negative consequences for the fragments, and even further advancement of edge effects. The maintenance of the richness and diversity of forests will depend largely on the potential and capacity for regeneration of forest fragments. In this context, the objective was to evaluate aspects of species composition, successional dynamics and seedling community, which represented the regeneration of soil macrofauna, the canopy openness and the litter stock in different environmental fragments with varying intensities of use neighborhood. To this end, we assessed forest fragments present in neighborhoods formed by intensive farming and extensive farming. These environments were determined according to established gradient distance matrix, edge, core and gap. In each condition were performed 6 to 9 samples for each of the variables. Effects were observed in the intensity of use in the neighborhood fragments assessed on these variables from generalized mixed models and multivariate analyzes. The effects of intensity of use in the vicinity of the fragments and edge effects were evidenced through nearly all analyzes (mostly in the models tested). This caused edge effects which differed according to the intensity of use of the neighborhood, being more intense and extending over the inside of the fragment, which was in the areas of more intensive use. This result was highlighted in the abundance of individuals in the community and pioneering mortality of late secondary, values of total wealth, species composition, fractions of whole leaf and twig litter and canopy openness. Fragments intensive environments in the neighborhood and edge had lower regeneration potential than fragments with extensive use environments and clearing. This result is indicated by lower values of total species richness and total richness of early and late secondary, lower abundance of pioneer and higher mortality rates for late secondary fragments in intensive neighborhoods. These effects are reflected in the replacing or disappearance of some species of soil macrofauna, for example, the disappearance of the Oligochaetas in fragments with intensive use in the neighborhood. This greater intensity of land use, with strong use of machinery and agrochemicals, alters matrices aspects that negatively influence the regeneration and maintenance of the fragments in the landscape. Thus, it is concluded that the edges of forest fragments are more vulnerable in agricultural landscapes that have more intensive use of land, and this vulnerability is associated with practices conducted in the vicinity.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Aquino, Adriana Maria de
dc.contributor.advisor1ID465.566.305-78por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7609522175287146por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Uzeda, Mariella Camardelli
dc.contributor.referee1Bergallo, Helena Godoy
dc.contributor.referee2Vieira, Marcus Vinicius
dc.contributor.referee3Rodrigues, Pablo José Francisco Pena
dc.contributor.referee4Balieiro, Fabiano de Carvalho
dc.creator.ID450.856.926-91por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9975138113784529por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Agropecuáriapor
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